"The Role of Art in Human Life" - a composition. The role of art in human life: what the world of beauty prepares for us How art helps in human life

(406 words) Art is perhaps one of the most important spheres of human existence. It gave us a great variety of beautiful eternal creations: graceful music, majestic masterpieces of architecture, thoughtful books and much, much more. In my opinion, the influence of art on the history of mankind in general and the human soul in particular is truly enormous. Confirmation of this can be found not only in Russian, but also in the entire world literature.

For example, O. Henry, in his story "The Pharaoh and the Chorale," tells us about the New York beggar Soopi. This degraded, immoral man pursues one single goal - to go to prison in order to spend the winter in warmth and comfort, without doing anything. For the sake of realizing his plan, Sopi commits many dubious acts: he steals, brawls and debauches, but the doors of the cherished prison remain closed to him. Already completely desperate, the main character suddenly hears the sounds of a chant coming from the church. The music strikes Soapy to the core, the shameless tramp realizes how low he has fallen. A new beginning is born in his soul, which encourages him to take the right path. He is reborn and firmly decides to start life from scratch. The power of art is truly limitless, because only a melody can transform a person beyond recognition.

N.V. Gogol in the story "Portrait" depicts before us the fate of the artist Andrei Petrovich Chartkov. A talented but poor young man, by the will of providence, becomes the owner of a huge amount of money. Andrey's first noble impulse is to go headlong into work, to bring his talent to perfection. But plunged into the cycle of secular life, the main character eventually departs from real art, turning into a servant of the rich. He creates beautiful, perfectly shaped, but dead and meaningless crafts, losing talent in exchange for fleeting glory. After some time, a picture of a former comrade Chartkov, who devoted his whole life to art, who sacrificed everything for him, was brought to Russia. Just once looking at the creation of a true artist, Andrey realizes the meaninglessness of his life, he realizes that in the pursuit of glory he killed his talent. The main character tries in vain to revive the creator in himself, but his attempts turn out to be pointless, the muse left him. In despair, Chartkov begins to buy up and destroy the most beautiful paintings, and then falls ill and dies. According to Gogol, human life has no meaning without true art.

Art contains a great power that can not only raise a person to the height of bliss, making him better, but also overthrow him, turning him to dust. It all depends on the personality itself and its willingness to heed the call of beauty that heals the world. She plays on the strings of the human soul, controlling us, tuning and upsetting us, like an instrument, which is why the results of creative efforts occupy an important place in the life of each of us.

Interesting? Keep it on your wall!

In the simplest sense, art is a person's ability to embody something beautiful into reality and get aesthetic pleasure from such objects. It can also be one of the ways of knowing, called mastery, but one thing is certain: without art, our world would be insipid, boring and not the least bit exciting.

Terminological stop

In the broadest sense, art is a kind of craftsmanship whose products bring aesthetic pleasure. According to entries in the Encyclopedia Britannica, the main criterion of art is the ability to resonate with other people. In turn, the Great Soviet Encyclopedia says that art is one of the forms of social consciousness, which is the main component of human culture.

Whoever says anything, but the debate around the term "art" has been going on for a very long time. For example, in the era of romanticism, art was considered a feature of the human mind. That is, they understood this term in the same way as religion and science.

Special craft

In the very first and most widespread sense, the concept of art was deciphered as “craft” or “compilation” (it’s creation). Simply put, everything that was created by man in the process of inventing and comprehending a certain composition could be called art.

Until the 19th century, art was the ability of an artist or singer to express their talent, captivate the audience and make them feel.

The concept of "art" can be used in various spheres of human activity:

the process of expressing vocal, choreographic or acting talent;
works, physical objects created by masters of their craft;
the process of consumption of works of art by the audience.

Summing up, we can say the following: art is a kind of subsystem of the spiritual sphere of life, which is a creative reproduction of reality in artistic images. This is a unique skill that can be admired by the public.

A bit of history

In world culture, people began to talk about art in ancient times. Primitive art (namely, fine art, it is also a rock painting) appeared together with man in the Middle Paleolithic era. The first objects that can be identified with art as such appeared in the Upper Paleolithic. The oldest pieces of art, such as shell necklaces, date back to 75,000 BC.

In the Stone Age, primitive rituals, music, dances, ornaments were called art. In general, contemporary art originates from ancient rites, traditions, games, which were conditioned by mythological and magical ideas and beliefs.

From primitive man

In world art, it is customary to distinguish several eras of its development. Each of them borrowed something from their ancestors, added something of their own and left them to their descendants. From century to century, art has acquired an increasingly complex form.

The art of primitive society consisted of music, songs, rituals, dances and images that were applied to animal skins, earth and other natural objects. In the ancient world, art took on a more complex form. It developed in the Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Persian, Indian, Chinese and other civilizations. Each of these centers has its own unique style of art, which has survived more than one millennium and even today has an impact on culture. By the way, ancient Greek artists were considered the best (even better than modern masters) in depicting the human body. Only they managed in some incredible way to thoroughly depict the muscles, posture, choose the correct proportions and convey the natural beauty of nature.

Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, religions had a significant influence on the development of art. This is especially true for Europe. Gothic and Byzantine art were based on spiritual truths and biblical subjects. At this time, in the East and in the countries of Islam, it was believed that drawing a person was nothing more than the creation of an idol, which was prohibited. Therefore, there was architecture, ornaments in the visual arts, but there was no man. Calligraphy and jewelry were developing. In India and Tibet, religious dance was the main art, followed by sculpture.

In China, a wide variety of arts flourished, they were not influenced or pressured by any religion. Each era had its own masters, each of them had their own style, which they perfected. Therefore, each work of art bears the name of the era in which it was created. For example, a Ming vase or a Tang painting. The situation in Japan is the same as in China. The development of culture and art in these countries was quite distinctive.

Renaissance

During the Renaissance, art again returned to material values \u200b\u200band humanism. Human figures acquire their lost corporeality, perspective appears in space, and artists strive to reflect physical and rational certainty.

In the era of Romanticism, emotions appear in art. Masters try to show human individuality and depth of experience. Multiple artistic styles began to emerge such as academism, symbolism, fauvism, etc. True, their age was short, and the former directions, spurred on by the horror of the wars experienced, one might say, revived from the ashes.

Towards modernity

In the 20th century, masters were looking for new visual possibilities and standards of beauty. Due to the ever-growing globalization, cultures began to interpenetrate and influence each other. For example, the Impressionists were inspired by Japanese engravings, and the fine arts of India greatly influenced Picasso's work. In the second half of the 20th century, the development of various areas of art was influenced by modernism, with its unyielding idealistic search for truth and rigid norms. The period of contemporary art came when it was decided that values \u200b\u200bare relative.

Functions and properties

At all times, theorists of art history and cultural studies have said that art, like any other social phenomenon, has different functions and properties. All functions of art are conventionally divided into motivated and unmotivated.

Unmotivated functions are properties that are integral to human nature. Simply put, art is something to which a person is pushed by instincts and which goes beyond the practical and useful. These functions include:

Basic instinct for harmony, rhythm and poise. Here art is manifested not in material form, but in a sensual, inner striving for harmony and beauty.
A sense of mystery. It is believed that art is one of the ways to feel a connection with the universe. This feeling arises unexpectedly when contemplating pictures, listening to music, etc.
Imagination. Thanks to art, a person has the ability to apply imagination without restrictions.
Addressing many. Art allows the creator to address the whole world.
Rituals and symbols. Some modern cultures have vibrant rituals, dances and performances. They are kind of symbols, and sometimes just ways to diversify the event. By themselves, they do not pursue any goal, but anthropologists see in every movement the meaning inherent in the development of national culture.

Motivated features

The motivated functions of art are called the goals that the creator consciously sets for himself when starting to create a work of art.

In this case, art can be:

A means of communication. In its simplest form, art is a way of communication between people through which information can be transmitted.
Entertainment. Art is able to create the appropriate mood, helps to relax and distract from problems.
For the sake of change. In the early twentieth century, many works were created that triggered political change.
For psychotherapy. Psychologists often use art for medicinal purposes. The technique based on the analysis of the pattern makes it possible to carry out a more accurate diagnosis.
For the sake of protest. Art is often used to protest against something or someone.
Propaganda. Art can also be a way of spreading propaganda, through which one can subtly influence the formation of new tastes and moods in the public.

As can be seen from the functions, art plays an important role in the life of society, influencing all spheres of human life.

Types and forms

Initially, art was considered undivided, that is, a general complex of creative activity. For primitive man, there were no separate examples of art such as theater, music or literature. Everything was merged into one. Only after a while different types of art began to appear. This is the name of the historically established forms of artistic reflection of the world, which are used to create different means.

Depending on the means used, such forms of art are distinguished:

Literature. Uses verbal writing to create art. Three main types are distinguished here - drama, epic and lyrics.
Music. It is divided into vocal and instrumental, to create examples of art using sound means.
Dance. Plastic movements are used to create new patterns. There are ballet, ritual, ballroom, contemporary and folk dance arts.
Painting. With the help of color, reality is displayed on a plane.
Architecture. Art is manifested in the transformation of the spatial environment with structures and buildings.
Sculpture. Represents works of art that have volume and three-dimensional shape.
Decorative and applied arts. This form is directly related to applied needs, these are artistic objects that can be used in everyday life. For example, painted dishes, furniture, etc.
Theatre. With the help of acting, a stage action of a specific theme and character is played out on stage.
Circus. A kind of spectacular and entertaining action with funny, unusual and risky numbers.
Movie. We can say that this is the evolution of theatrical action, when modern, audiovisual means are still used.
The photo. It consists in fixing visual images with technical means.

To the listed forms, you can also add such genres of art as pop art, graphics, radio, etc.

The role of art in human life

Strange, but for some reason it is believed that art is intended only for the upper strata of the population, the so-called elite. Such a concept is supposedly alien to other people.

Art is usually equated with wealth, influence and power. After all, just such people can afford to buy beautiful, obscenely expensive and absurdly useless things. Take, for example, the Hermitage or the Versailles Palace, which have preserved rich collections of monarchs of the past. Today, governments, some private organizations and very wealthy people can afford such collections.

Sometimes one gets the impression that the main role of art in human life is to show others their social status. In many cultures, expensive and elegant things show a person's position in society. On the other hand, two centuries ago, attempts were made to make high art more accessible to the general public. For example, in 1793, the Louvre was opened for everyone (until that time it was the property of the French kings). Over time, this idea was picked up in Russia (Tretyakov Gallery), USA (Metropolitan Museum) and other European countries. Still, people who have their own art collection will always be considered more influential.

Synthetic or real

There is a wide variety of works of art in the modern world. They take on various types, forms, means of creation. The only thing that remained unchanged is folk art, in its primitive form.

Today even a simple idea is considered art. It is thanks to ideas, public opinion and critical reviews that such works as Black Square, a tea set covered with real fur, or a photograph of the Rhine River, which sold for $ 4 million, are enduring success. It is difficult to call these and similar objects real art.

So what is real art? By and large, these are works that make you think, ask questions, look for answers. Real art attracts, I want to get this item at any cost. Even in literature, Russian classics wrote about this attractive power. Thus, in Gogol's story "The Portrait", the protagonist spends his last savings on acquiring a portrait.

Real art always makes a person kinder, stronger and wiser. Possessing invaluable knowledge and experience that has been collected over many generations, and is now available in an acceptable form for perception, a person has the opportunity to develop and improve.

Real art is always done from the heart. It doesn't matter what it will be - a book, a picture, music, a play. The viewer will feel. He will definitely feel what the creator wanted to convey. Feel his emotions, understand his thoughts, go with him in search of answers. Real art is an inaudible conversation between an author and a person, after which the listener / reader / viewer will no longer be the same. This is what real art is. A real concentrated bundle of feelings. As Pushkin wrote, it should burn the hearts of people, no matter what - a verb, a brush or a musical instrument. Such art should serve people and inspire them to change, entertain when sad, and inspire hope, especially when it seems that there is no way out. Only this way, it cannot be otherwise.

Today there are many strange, sometimes even ridiculous objects that are called works of art. But if they are not able to “hook on the living”, then they cannot a priori relate to art.

Gorbunova Julia

Research work on "The role of art in human life"

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Introduction
Main part

2.1. The concept of art.

2.2 Types of art

2.3 functions of art

2.4 The role of art in human life

2.5 Life is short, art is eternal.

Conclusion
Literature

1. Introduction.

I chose to work on the theme "The Role of Art in Human Life" because I wanted to deepen and generalize knowledge about art. It was interesting for me to broaden my horizons and find out what functions art performs, what is the role of art in a person's life, in order to further discuss this from the point of view of a knowledgeable person.

I consider the chosen topic of work to be relevant, since certain aspects of the topic have not been fully studied and the research conducted is aimed at overcoming this gap. She encourages me to show intellectual abilities, moral and communication qualities;

Before starting work, I conducted a survey among the students of our school. By asking them a few questions in order to identify their relationship to art. We got the following results.

Total people surveyed.

What role do you think art plays in modern human life?

Big%

No%

Helps to live%

What does art teach us and does it teach us at all?

Beauty%

Understanding Life%

Right deeds%

Broadens the mind %

Teaches nothing%

What kinds of art do you know?

Theatre %

Movie %

Music%

Painting%

Architecture%

Sculpture%

Other arts%

What kind of art do you do or are passionate about?

Passionate%

Not passionate%

Have there been times when art has played a role in your life?

Yes %

No %

The survey showed that the work will help people understand the significance of art and, I think, will attract many, if not to art classes, then it will arouse interest in the problem.

My work is also of practical importance, because the materials can be used to prepare for an essay on literature, for oral presentations at lessons in fine arts, MHC, and later to prepare for exams.

goal work: to prove the importance of various types of art in human life;show how art influences the formation of the spiritual culture of a person's personality; arouse people's interest in the art world.

Tasks - to reveal the essence of art, to consider the relationship between man and art in society, to consider the main functions of art in society, their significance and role for man.

Problematic issues: How does art express the feelings of a person and the world around him?

Why do they say “that life is short and art is eternal”?

What is art? When, how and why did art emerge?

What role does art play in a person's life and in my life?

Expected Result

After getting acquainted with my work, a higher level of development of an emotional-value attitude to the world, phenomena of life and art is expected; understanding the place and role of art in people's lives.

2. Main part

2.1 Concept of art

"Art gives wings and takes you far - far!" -
said the writerA.P. Chekhov

How nice it would be if someone created a device that would show the degree of influence of art on a person, society in general, and even on nature. How do painting, music, literature, theater, cinema affect human health, the quality of his life? Can this impact be measured and predicted? Of course, culture as a whole, as a combination of science, art and education, is capable, when choosing the right direction and priorities of life, to have a beneficial effect both on an individual and on society as a whole.

Art is the creative comprehension of the surrounding world by a talented person. The fruits of this understanding belong not only to its creators, but to all of humanity living on planet Earth.

Immortal are the wonderful creations of ancient Greek sculptors and architects, Florentine mosaic masters, Raphael and Michelangelo ... Dante, Petrarch, Mozart, Bach, Tchaikovsky. It captures the spirit when you try to comprehend with your mind everything created by geniuses, preserved and continued by their descendants and followers.

In a primitive societyprimitive creativity is born with a viewHomo sapiens as a way of human activity for solving practical problems. Arising in the eramiddle palaeolithic, primitive art reached its heyday about 40 thousand years ago, and was a social product of society, embodying a new stage in the development of reality. The oldest works of art, such as the shell necklace found in South Africa, date back to 75 millennium BC. e. and more. In the Stone Age, art was represented by primitive rites, music, dances, all kinds of body decorations, geoglyphs - images on the ground, dendrographs - images on the bark of trees, images on animal skins, cave paintings, rock paintings,petroglyphs and sculpture.

The emergence of art is associated withgames, rituals and ritesincluding duemythologically- magical representations.

Now the word "art" is often used in its original, very broad meaning. This is all skill in the implementation of any tasks, requiring some kind of perfection in its results. In a narrower sense of the word, this is creativity "according to the laws of beauty." Works of artistic creativity, like works of applied art, are created according to the “laws of beauty”. A work of art, like all other types of social consciousness, is always the unity of the object cognizable in it and the subject cognizing this object.

In primitive, pre-class society, art as a special kind of social consciousness did not yet exist independently. It was then in unity with mythology, magic, religion, with legends about a past life, with primitive geographical concepts, with moral requirements.

And then art stood out among them in its special specific variety. It has become one of the forms of development of social consciousness of various peoples. This is how it should be viewed.

Thus, art is a kind of consciousness of society, it is artistic content, not scientific. L. Tolstoy, for example, defined art as a means of exchange of feelings, opposing it with science as a means of exchange of thoughts.

Art is often compared to a reflecting mirror that reflects reality through the thoughts and feelings of the creator. Through him, this mirror reflects those phenomena of life that attracted the artist's attention, excited him.

Here one can rightfully see one of the most important specific features of art as a type of human activity.

Any product of labor - be it a tool, tool, machine, or means of sustaining life - is created for some special need. Even products of spiritual production, such as scientific research, may well remain accessible and important for a narrow group of specialists, without losing anything in their social significance.

But a work of art can be recognized as such only on condition of universality, "general interest" of its content. The artist is called upon to express something that is equally important for both the driver and the scientist, which is applicable to their life, not only to the extent of the peculiarities of their profession, but also to the extent of their involvement in the life of the people, the ability to be human, to be a person.

2.2. Kinds of art

Depending on the material means with which works of art are constructed, three groups of art forms objectively arise: 1) spatial, or plastic (painting, sculpture, graphics, art photography, architecture, arts and crafts and design), i.e. those who unfold their images in space; 2) temporary (verbal and musical), that is, those where images are built in time, and not in real space; 3) spatio-temporal (dance; acting and everything based on it; synthetic - theater, cinema, television, circus, etc.), that is, those whose images have both length and duration, physicality and dynamism. Each type of art is directly characterized by the way of material existence of its works and the type of figurative signs used. Within these limits, all its types have varieties that are determined by the characteristics of this or that material and the originality of the artistic language that follows from this.

So, the varieties of verbal art are oral creativity and written literature; varieties of music - vocal and different types of instrumental music; varieties of performing arts - dramatic, musical, puppet, shadow theater, as well as variety and circus; types of dance - everyday dance, classical, acrobatic, gymnastic, ice dance, etc.

On the other hand, each type of art has generic and genre divisions. The criteria for these divisions are defined in different ways, but the very presence of such types of literature as epic, lyric, drama, such types of fine art as easel, monumental-decorative, miniature, such genres of painting as portrait, landscape, still life ...

Thus, art, taken as a whole, is a historically formed system of various concrete methods of artistic development of the world,

each of which has features common to all and individually unique.

2.3. Functions of art

Art has similarities and differences with other forms of social consciousness. Just like science, it objectively reflects reality, cognizes its important and essential aspects. But unlike science, which masters the world with the help of abstract theoretical thinking, art learns the world through figurative thinking. Reality appears in art as a whole, in the richness of its sensory manifestations.

Unlike science, artistic consciousness does not set itself the goal of giving any special information about private branches of social practice and revealing their regularities, such as physical, economic, etc. The subject of art is everything that is interesting for a person in life.

The goals that the author or creator deliberately and consciously sets for himself while working on a work have direction. This can be some kind of political goal, a commentary on social status, the creation of a certain mood or emotion, a psychological impact, an illustration of something, a promotion of a product (in the case of advertising), or just the transmission of a certain message.

Means of communication. In its simplest form, art is a means of communication. Like most other means of communication, it carries the intention of conveying information to the audience. For example, scientific illustration is also an art form that exists to convey information. Another example of this kind is geographic maps. However, the content of the message is not necessarily scientific. Art allows you to convey not only objective information, but also emotions, mood, feelings.
Art as entertainment... The purpose of art can be to create a mood or emotion that helps you relax or have fun. Very often, cartoons or video games are created for this very purpose.
Vanguard, art for political change. One of the defining goals of early 20th century art was the creation of works that provoke political change. The directions that have emerged for this purpose are -dadaism, surrealism, Russian constructivism, abstract expressionism - collectively referred tovanguard.
Art for psychotherapy. Psychologists and psychotherapists can use art for healing purposes. A special technique based on the analysis of the patient's drawings is used to diagnose the state of the personality and emotional status. In this case, the ultimate goal is not diagnostics, but mental health.
Art for social protest, overthrow of the existing order and / or anarchy. As a form of protest, art may not have any specific political goal, but be limited to criticism of the existing regime or some of its aspects.

2.4. The role of art in human life

All arts serve the greatest of the arts - the art of living on earth.
Bertolt Brecht

Now it is impossible to imagine that oura life would not accompany art,creation... Wherever and whenever you liveperson, even at the dawn of his development, he tried to comprehend the world around him, which means that he sought to understand and figuratively, intelligibly convey the knowledge gained to the next generations. This is how wall paintings appeared in caves - ancient human encampments. And this was born not only by the desire to protect their descendants from the mistakes already passed by the ancestors, but also to convey the beauty and harmony of the world, admiration for the perfect creations of nature.

Humanity did not mark time, it progressively moved forward and higher, and the art that accompanies a person at all stages of this long and painful path developed in the same way. If you turn to the Renaissance, you admire the heights reached by artists and poets, musicians and architects. The immortal creations of Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci still fascinate with their perfection and deep awareness of the role of man in the world, where he is destined to walk his short, but wonderful, sometimes tragic path.

Art is one of the most important stages in human evolution. Art helps a person to look at the world from different points of view. With each epoch, with each century, it is more and more improved by man. At all times, art has helped people develop their abilities, improve abstract thinking. Over the centuries, people have tried to change art more and more, improve it, deepen their knowledge. Art is the great secret of the world, which contains the secrets of the history of our life. Art is our history. Sometimes in it you can find answers to those questions that even the most ancient manuscripts cannot answer.
Today a person can no longer imagine life without a novel he has read, without a new movie, without a premiere in a theater, without a fashion hit and a favorite musical group, without art exhibitions ... In art, a person finds new knowledge, answers to vital questions, and reassurance from the daily hustle and bustle, and enjoyment. A real work of art is always in tune with the thoughts of readers, viewers, listeners. The novel can talk about a distant historical era, about people, it seems, of a completely different way and style of life, but the feelings that people have imbued at all times are understandable to the current reader, consonant with him if the novel is written by a real master. Let Romeo and Juliet lived in Verona in ancient times. It is not the time or place of action that determines my perception of the great love and faithful friendship described by the brilliant Shakespeare.

Russia has not become a distant province of art. Even at the dawn of its emergence, she announced loudly and boldly about her right to stand next to the greatest creators of Europe: "The Lay of Igor's Host", icons and paintings by Andrei Rublev and Theophan the Greek, cathedrals of Vladimir, Kiev and Moscow. We are not only proud of the amazing proportions of the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl and the Moscow Intercession Cathedral, better known as the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed, but also sacredly honor the names of its creators.

Ancient creations are not the only ones that grab our attention. We constantly come across works of art in our daily life. Visiting museums and exhibition halls, we want to join that wonderful world, which is accessible at first only to geniuses, and then to others, we learn to understand, see, absorb the beauty that has already become a part of our everyday life.

Pictures, music, theater, books, films give a person incomparable joy and satisfaction, make him sympathize. Exclude all this from the life of a civilized person, and he will turn, if not into an animal, then into a robot or a zombie. The wealth of art is inexhaustible. It is impossible to visit all the museums of the world, all symphonies, sonatas, operas cannot be listened to, all masterpieces of architecture cannot be reviewed, all novels, poems, and poems cannot be re-read. And to nothing. Know-it-alls are actually superficial people. Of all the diversity, a person chooses for the soul that which is closest to him, which gives the basis for his mind and feelings.

The possibilities of art are multifaceted. Art forms intellectual and moral qualities, stimulates creativity, and promotes successful socialization. In ancient Greece, the visual arts were considered as an effective means of influencing a person. The galleries exhibited sculptures that personified noble human qualities ("Mercy", "Justice", etc.). It was believed that, contemplating beautiful statues, a person absorbs all the best that they reflect. The same applies to paintings by great masters.

A group of researchers led by Professor Marina de Tommaso from the University of Bari Italy, found that beautiful paintings can reduce pain, writes the Daily Telegraph today. Scientists hope that the new results will convince hospitals and hospitals to be more concerned with decorating their rooms.

In the course of the study, a group of people, both their men and their women, were asked to look at 300 paintings by masters such as Leonardo da Vinci and Sandro Botticelli, as well as select 20 paintings from them that they find the most beautiful and most ugly. At the next stage, the subjects were shown these pictures or did not show anything, leaving a large black wall for pictures free, and at the same time hit the participants with a short laser pulse, comparable in strength to touching a hot frying pan. It has been found that when people see pictures they like, pain is three times less intense than when they are forced to look at an ugly picture or a black wall.

Not only children, but often adults too, are unable to cope with their emotions. We live by the rules, we force ourselves with constant "It is necessary, necessary, necessary ...", forgetting about our desires. Because of this, an internal discontent arises, which a person, being a social being, tries to keep in himself. As a result, the body suffers, because a negative emotional state often leads to various diseases. Creativity in this case helps to relieve emotional stress, harmonize the inner world and achieve mutual understanding with others. Of course, this can be not only drawing, but also applications, embroidery, photography, modeling from matches, prose, poetry and much more, one way or another related to art.

The question of how literature affects a person, his behavior and psyche, what mechanisms lead to peculiar experiences and, as a consequence, to a change in the personality traits of a person when reading a literary work, has occupied the minds of many scientists and researchers from ancient times to the present. Fiction, giving knowledge of reality, expands the mental horizons of readers of all ages, gives an emotional experience that goes beyond what a person could acquire in his life, forms artistic taste, delivers aesthetic pleasure, which occupies a large place in the life of a modern person and is one of his needs. But most importantly, the main function of fiction is the formation of deep and stable feelings in people, prompting them to think through, define their worldview, direct behaviorpersonality.

Literature is for people a school of feelings and cognition of reality and forms an idea about the ideal actions of people, about the beauty of the world and relationships. The Word is a great mystery. Its magical power lies in the ability to evoke vivid images, to transport the reader to another world. Without literature, we would never have learned that once upon a time there lived a wonderful person and writer Victor Hugo or, for example, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. We would not know anything about the time when they lived. Thanks to literature, we become more educated, we learn the history of our ancestors.

The influence of music on a person is great. A person hears sound not only with his ears; he hears the sound with every part of his body. Sound permeates his entire being, and in accordance with a certain influence slows down or accelerates the rhythm of blood circulation; either excites the nervous system or calms it down; awakens in a person stronger passions or pacifies him, bringing him peace. A certain effect is produced according to the sound. Therefore, knowledge of sound can provide a person with a magical tool for directing, tuning, controlling and using life, as well as helping other people with the greatest benefit.It is no secret that art can heal.

Isotherapy, dance therapy, music therapy are common truths.

The scientist Robert Schofler, the creator of musical pharmacology, prescribes to listen to all the symphonies of Tchaikovsky, Schubert's "Forest Tsar", Beethoven's ode "To Joy" for therapeutic purposes. He claims that these works contribute to an accelerated recovery. And researchers at the University of California have experimentally proved that after 10 minutes of listening to Mozart's music tests showed an increase in the IQ of students by 8-9 units.

But not all art heals.

For example: Rock music - causes the release of stress hormones, which erase part of the information in the brain, cause aggression or depression. Russian psychologist D. Azarov notes that there is a special combination of notes, he called them killer music. After listening to such musical phrases several times, a person develops a gloomy mood and thoughts.

Bell ringing kills quickly:

typhoid bacteria
viruses.

Classical music (Mozart and others) contributes to:

general reassurance
increase in milk production (by 20%) in nursing mothers.

 The rhythmic sounds of some performers, through a direct effect on the brain, contribute to:

release of stress hormones
memory impairment
weakening (after 1-2 years) of the general condition (especially when listening to music with headphones).

Mantra, or meditative sounds "om", "aum", etc., have a vibrating character.
Vibrations initially promote the activation of certain organs, brain structures. At the same time, many different hormones are released into the blood. (This probably helps to do repetitive work with less energy.)

Vibrating sounds cause

pleasure - for some people, for others - the same sounds cause
stress reaction with the release of hormones and a sharp increase in oxidative metabolism.

promotes a sharp rise in blood pressure,
often leading to heart cramps.

In the literary sources of antiquity, we find many examples of the purposeful influence of music on the mental state of people. Plutarch tells that Alexander the Great's fits of frenzied anger were usually pacified by playing the lyre. The mighty Achilles, according to Homer, tried, playing the lyre, to cool his "famous" anger, which begins the action in the Iliad.

It was believed that music saves from inevitable death with the bites of poisonous snakes and scorpions. As an antidote in these cases, music was widely recommended by one of the most famous doctors of ancient Rome, Galen. Nirkus, a companion of Alexander the Great in his campaigns, having visited India, said that in this country, teeming with poisonous snakes, singing is considered the only remedy for their bites. How can we explain the miraculous effect of music? Studies of our time have shown that music in such cases acts not as an antidote, but as a means of eliminating mental trauma, it helps the victim to suppress the feeling of horror. This is just one example when the health and even life of a person largely depends on his state of mind. But even this particular example allows us to judge how great the role of the nervous system in the body. It must be taken into account when explaining the mechanism of the impact of art on human health.

Even more striking is the effect of music on emotions. The influence of music on emotions was known in ancient times. Music was used for medicinal purposes and in war. Music acts both as a means to distract from thoughts that disturb a person, and as a means of calming and even healing. Music plays a great role as a means of fighting overwork. Music can set a certain rhythm before starting work, tune in to deep rest during a break.

Art makes the world of people more beautiful, alive and vibrant. For example, painting: how many old paintings have survived to our time, by which it is possible to determine how people lived two, three, four or more centuries ago. Now there are many paintings written by our contemporaries, and whatever it is: abstraction, realism, still life or landscape, painting is a wonderful art, with the help of which a person has learned to see the world bright and colorful.
Architecture is another of the most important art forms. A huge number of the most beautiful monuments are scattered all over the world, and they are not just called "monuments" - they contain the greatest secrets of history and the memory of them. Sometimes these mysteries cannot be solved by scientists all over the world.
Of course, in order to perceive the beauty of opera, for example, it is necessary to know its features, to understand the language of music and vocals, with the help of which the composer and singers convey all the shades of life and feelings and affect the thoughts and emotions of the listeners. The perception of poetry and fine arts also requires some preparation and appropriate understanding. Even an interesting story will not capture the reader if he has not developed a technique of expressive reading, if he will spend all his energy on composing words from the sounds spoken and will not experience their artistic and aesthetic influence.

The effect of the means of art on a person can be caused by the long-term or long-term. This emphasizes the great possibilities for using art in order to obtain a persistent and long-lasting effect, using it for educational purposes, as well as for general health improvement and prevention. Art acts not on any one human ability and strength, be it emotion or intellect, but on a person as a whole. It forms, sometimes unconsciously, the very system of human attitudes.

The artistic genius of the famous poster by D. Moor “Have you signed up as a volunteer?”, Which was so widely promoted during the Second World War, is that it appeals to the human conscience through all the spiritual abilities of a person. Those. the power of art consists in appealing to the human conscience, awakening its spiritual abilities. And on this occasion, you can cite the famous words of Pushkin:

Burn the hearts of people with the verb.

I think this is the true purpose of art.

2.5 Life is short, art is eternal.

Art is eternal and beautiful, because it brings beauty and goodness to the world.

A person is presented with very strict requirements and art must reflect these requirements. Artists of classicism were equal to classical samples. It was believed that the eternal is unchanging - therefore one must learn from the Greek and Roman authors. Knights, kings, dukes very often become heroes. They were convinced that truth creates beauty in art - therefore, a writer must imitate nature and portray life believably. Rigid canons of the theory of classicism appear. The expert on art Boileau writes: "The incredible is not capable of touching, even though the truth always looks believable." The writers of classicism approached life from the standpoint of reason, they did not trust the feeling, they considered it changeable and deceitful. Accurate, reasonable, truthful and beautiful. "You need to think about the thought and only then write."

Art does not become obsolete. In the book of the academician philosopher I.T. Frolov wrote: “The reason for this is the unique originality of works of art, their deeply individualized character, which is ultimately conditioned by the constant appeal to man. The unique unity of man and the world in a work of art, "human reality". The famous Danish physicist Niels Bohr wrote: "The reason why art can enrich us is in its ability to remind us of harmonies that are beyond the reach of systematic analysis." In art, problems are often highlighted universal, "eternal": what is good and evil, freedom, human dignity. The changing conditions of each era force us to solve these issues anew.

Art is multifaceted, eternal, but, unfortunately, it cannot influence people without their will, mental exertion, a certain work of thought. A person must want to learn to see and understand the beautiful, then art will have a beneficial effect on him, society as a whole. This will probably be in the future. In the meantime, talented creators should not forget that their works are capable of influencing millions, and this can be beneficial or harmful.

Let me give you a simple example. For example, an artist painted a picture. The painting depicts negative scenes of murder, everywhere there is blood, dirt, the most chaotic, harsh tones are used, in short, the whole picture acts depressingly on the viewer, causing negative emotions in a person. The energy comes from the picture is extremely depressing. So much for the complete interconnection of the artist's thinking with the physical creation of the picture and, accordingly, the viewer or spectators looking at it ... Imagine thousands, tens of thousands of such depressing pictures. The same can be said about our cinema. What cartoons do our children watch, not to mention adult films? And in general now there is not even such a prohibition of "Under 16" as in the 70s. Continuous "negativism" ... Imagine how much negative energy in the country, in the world, on the whole Earth! .. The same can be said about all types of our art!
“Thinking together with action brings about change. If they are noble, then they liberate, save, promote prosperity. enrich. If they are base, then they enslave, impoverish, weaken, destroy. If the propaganda of violence, the cult of power, evil steps on our screens, we will perish after the unlucky heroes of these one-day militants.

True art should be beautiful, have a kind, humane beginning with age-old traditions.

3. Conclusion.

Art plays a vital role in our life, helping future generations to grow morally. Each generation contributes to the development of humanity, enriching it culturally. Without art, we would hardly be able to look at the world from different points of view, in a different way, look beyond the ordinary, feel a little sharper. Art, like man, has many small veins, blood vessels, and organs.

Passions, aspirations, dreams, images, fears - everything that each person lives with - acquire increativity special color and strength.

It is impossible for everyone to be creators, but it is within our power to try to penetrate the essence of the creation of a genius, to come closer to understanding the beautiful. And the more often we become contemplators of paintings, architectural masterpieces, listeners to beautiful music, the better for us and those around us.

Art helps us to master science and gradually deepen our knowledge. And as mentioned above, it is an essential part of human development:

Forms in a person the ability to perceive, feel, correctly understand and appreciate the beauty in the surrounding reality and art,

Forms the skills of using the means of art to understand the life of people, nature itself

Develops a deep understanding of the beauty of nature, the surrounding world. the ability to preserve this beauty;

Arms people with knowledge, as well as instills skills and abilities in the field of accessible types of arts - music, painting, theater, artistic expression, architecture;

Develops creativity, abilities and skills to feel and create beauty in the surrounding life, at home, in everyday life;

Develops an understanding of beauty in human relationships, the desire and ability to bring beauty into everyday life.

So, art affects our life from all sides, makes it varied and bright, lively and interesting, rich, helping a person to better and better understand his purpose in this world.Our earthly world is woven from perfection and imperfection. And it depends only on the person himself how he will make his future, what he will read, what he will listen to, how he will speak.

“The best means for educating feelings in general, for awakening the feelings of beauty, for the development of creative imagination, is art itself,” the scientist-psychologist N.Ye. Rumyantsev.

4. Literature

1. Nazarenko-Krivosheina E.P. Are you beautiful, man? - M .: They say. guard, 1987.

2. Nezhnov G.G. Art in our life. - M., "Knowledge", 1975

3. Pospelov G.N. Art and aesthetics.- Moscow: Art, 1984.

8. Solntsev N.V. Heritage and time. M., 1996.

9. For the preparation of this work, materials from Internet sites were used.

Content

Introduction

Main part

Art concept

Kinds of art

Functions of art

The role of art in human life

Life is short, art is eternal.

Conclusion

Literature

1. Introduction.

Before starting work, I conducted a survey among the students of our school. By asking them a few questions in order to identify their relationship to art. We got the following results.

Total people surveyed.

What role do you think art plays in modern human life?

Big%

No%

Helps to live%

What does art teach us and does it teach us at all?

Beauty%

Understanding Life%

Right deeds%

Broadens the mind %

Teaches nothing%

What kinds of art do you know?

Theatre %

Movie %

Music%

Painting%

Architecture%

Sculpture%

Other arts%

What kind of art do you do or are passionate about?

Passionate%

Not passionate%

Have there been times when art has played a role in your life?

Yes %

No %

The survey showed that the work will help people understand the significance of art and, I think, will attract many, if not to art classes, then it will arouse interest in the problem.

My work is also of practical importance, because the materials can be used to prepare for an essay on literature, for oral presentations at lessons in fine arts, MHC, and later to prepare for exams.

goal work: to prove the importance of various types of art in human life;show how art influences the formation of the spiritual culture of a person's personality; arouse people's interest in the art world.

Tasks - to reveal the essence of art, to consider the relationship between man and art in society, to consider the main functions of art in society, their significance and role for man.

Problematic issues: How does art express the feelings of a person and the world around him?

Why do they say “that life is short and art is eternal”?

What is art? When, how and why did art emerge?

What role does art play in a person's life and in my life?

Expected Result

2. Main part

2.1 Concept of art

"Art gives wings and takes you far - far!" -
said the writer

Art is the creative comprehension of the surrounding world by a talented person. The fruits of this understanding belong not only to its creators, but to all of humanity living on planet Earth.

In a primitive society, it is born with a view as a way of human activity for solving practical problems. Arising in the era , reached its heyday about 40 thousand years ago, and was a social product of society, embodying a new stage in the development of reality. The oldest works of art, such as the shell necklace found in South Africa, date back to 75 millennium BC. e. and more. In the Stone Age, art was represented by primitive rites, music, dances, all kinds of body decorations, geoglyphs - images on the ground, dendrographs - images on the bark of trees, images on animal skins, cave paintings, rock paintings, and sculpture.

The emergence of art is associated with, and, including conditioned, representations.

And then art stood out among them in its special specific variety. It has become one of the forms of development of social consciousness of various peoples. This is how it should be viewed.

Here one can rightfully see one of the most important specific features of art as a type of human activity.

2.2. Kinds of art

Thus, art, taken as a whole, is a historically formed system of various concrete methods of artistic development of the world,

each of which has features common to all and individually unique.

2.3. Functions of art

Means of communication. In its simplest form, art is a means of communication. Like most other means of communication, it carries the intention of conveying information to the audience. For example, scientific illustration is also an art form that exists to convey information. Another example of this kind is geographic maps. However, the content of the message is not necessarily scientific. Art allows you to convey not only objective information, but also emotions, mood, feelings.

Art as entertainment... The purpose of art can be to create a mood or emotion that helps you relax or have fun. Very often, cartoons or video games are created for this very purpose.

, art for political change. One of the defining goals of early 20th century art was the creation of works that provoke political change. The directions that have appeared for this purpose, -,, Russian, are collectively named.

Art for psychotherapy. Psychologists and psychotherapists can use art for healing purposes. A special technique based on the analysis of the patient's drawings is used to diagnose the state of the personality and emotional status. In this case, the ultimate goal is not diagnostics, but mental health.

Art for social protest, overthrow of the existing order and / or anarchy. As a form of protest, art may not have any specific political goal, but be limited to criticism of the existing regime or some of its aspects.

2.4. The role of art in human life

All arts serve the greatest of the arts - the art of living on earth.
Bertolt Brecht

Now it is impossible to imagine that our art would not be accompanied by. Whenever and wherever he lived, even at the dawn of his development, he tried to comprehend the world around him, which means that he sought to understand and figuratively, intelligibly pass on the knowledge gained to the next generations. This is how wall paintings appeared in caves - ancient human encampments. And this was born not only by the desire to protect their descendants from the mistakes already passed by the ancestors, but also to convey the beauty and harmony of the world, admiration for the perfect creations of nature.

Isotherapy, dance therapy, music therapy are common truths.

But not all art heals.

Bell ringing kills quickly:

typhoid bacteria

viruses.

Classical music (Mozart and others) contributes to:

general reassurance

increase in milk production (by 20%) in nursing mothers.

 The rhythmic sounds of some performers, through a direct effect on the brain, contribute to:

release of stress hormones

memory impairment

weakening (after 1-2 years) of the general condition (especially when listening to music with headphones).

Vibrating sounds cause

pleasure - for some people, for others - the same sounds cause

stress reaction with the release of hormones and a sharp increase in oxidative metabolism.

promotes a sharp rise in blood pressure,
often leading to heart cramps.

Burn the hearts of people with the verb.

I think this is the true purpose of art.

2.5 Life is short, art is eternal.

Art is eternal and beautiful, because it brings beauty and goodness to the world.

True art should be beautiful, have a kind, humane beginning with age-old traditions.

3. Conclusion.

Passions, aspirations, dreams, images, fears - everything that each person lives with - acquire a special color and strength.

Art helps us to master science and gradually deepen our knowledge. And as mentioned above, it is an essential part of human development:

Forms in a person the ability to perceive, feel, correctly understand and appreciate the beauty in the surrounding reality and art,

Forms the skills of using the means of art to understand the life of people, nature itself

Develops a deep understanding of the beauty of nature, the surrounding world. the ability to preserve this beauty;

Arms people with knowledge, as well as instills skills and abilities in the field of accessible types of arts - music, painting, theater, artistic expression, architecture;

Develops creativity, abilities and skills to feel and create beauty in the surrounding life, at home, in everyday life;

Develops an understanding of beauty in human relationships, the desire and ability to bring beauty into everyday life.

So, art affects our life from all sides, makes it varied and bright, lively and interesting, rich, helping a person to better and better understand his purpose in this world. Our earthly world is woven from perfection and imperfection. And it depends only on the person himself how he will make his future, what he will read, what he will listen to, how he will speak.

“The best means for educating feelings in general, for awakening the feelings of beauty, for the development of creative imagination, is art itself,” the scientist-psychologist N.Ye. Rumyantsev.

4. Literature

1. Nazarenko-Krivosheina E.P. Are you beautiful, man? - M .: They say. guard, 1987.

2. Nezhnov G.G. Art in our life. - M., "Knowledge", 1975

3. Pospelov G.N. Art and aesthetics.- Moscow: Art, 1984.

8. Solntsev N.V. Heritage and time. M., 1996.

9. For the preparation of this work, materials from Internet sites were used.

Art - one of the main forms of the spiritual culture of mankind, which arose in ancient times. So, already in the Upper Paleolithic era, 40 thousand years ago, there was "cave art" - wonderful rock engravings and paintings, in which our distant ancestors depicted animals and hunting scenes.

Later, sculpture, music, architecture, theater, fiction appeared. These are classic art forms that are thousands of years old. The development of forms and types of art continues in our time. In the modern world, thanks to the development of technology, some new types of art have appeared, for example, the art of cinema, art photography, now the art of computer graphics appears.

All this suggests that human life is impossible without art, that it meets some of his deepest needs. To explain its character, one must remember that man is an active being. Through their activities, people master the world around them and transform it.

THERE ARE THREE BASIC FORMS OF WORLD CONSIDERATION BY MAN:

practical-active - it is regulated by such general needs and goals as benefit and benefit;

cognitive - its goal is truth;

artistic - beauty is its value.

Therefore, art can be defined as a way of mastering and transforming the world according to the laws of beauty.

The specificity of art consists in the reflection of reality through artistic images, that is, in a specific sensory form, and not with the help of concepts and theories as in scientific knowledge. This is evident in painting or sculpture. But even literature, although the figurative side is not striking in it, differs significantly from cognition. For example, historians or sociologists, studying the noble society in Russia in XIX, describe and explain it with the help of such concepts as "estate", "serfdom", "autocracy", etc. In contrast, Pushkin and Gogol brilliantly portrayed the essence of this society is in the images of Onegin and Tatiana, Chichikov and a series of landowners from Dead Souls. These are two different, but complementary ways of knowing and displaying reality. The first is aimed at discovering the general, natural in the studied reality, the second - at expressing reality through individual images, through the consciousness and experiences of individual characters.

The role of art in the life of a person and society is determined by the fact that it is addressed to the consciousness of a person in its entirety. Artistic creativity and perception of works of art gives a person a deeper understanding and knowledge of life. But at the same time, art affects his feelings, experiences, develops his emotional sphere. Above, we have already noted the great role of art in the formation of human moral ideas. And, of course, the perception of works of art gives people aesthetic pleasure, an experience of beauty, and also makes them part of the artist's work.

In all these respects, art has great power, it is not for nothing that Dostoevsky said: "Beauty will save the world."

The concept of the role of art has changed in history. The important role of art was already recognized in ancient society. For example, Plato and Aristotle believed that art should cleanse the soul from base passions and elevate it. They assigned a special role in this to music and tragedy.

In the Middle Ages the main role of art was seen in subordination to the tasks of worship. Art played, for example, a very significant role in the design of churches and in the religious rites of Orthodoxy.

In the Renaissance art, especially painting, took a central place in spiritual culture. Leonardo da Vinci viewed art as a "mirror" of the world and even put painting above science. Many thinkers of this era saw in art the most free and creative human activity.

In the Age of Enlightenmentemphasized above all the moral and educational function of art.

In the twentieth century. many thinkers began to talk about the crisis of art, about the fact that contemporary art is losing its functions in society. For example, the German cultural philosopher of the early twentieth century. O. Spengler believed that modern Western culture is entering a period of decline. High classical art is giving way to technical arts, mass performances, and sports. Contemporary art loses its harmony and imagery, abstract painting appears, in which the integral image of a person disappears.

Social structure (from lat. structure - structure, location, order) of society - the structure of society as a whole, a set of interrelated and interacting social groups, as well as the relationship between them.

The social structure is based on the social division of labor, the presence of specific needs and interests, values, norms and roles, lifestyle and other various social groups.

The role of social structure:

1) organizes the society into a single whole;

2) contributes to the preservation of the integrity and stability of society.

Social relationships - these are certain stable ties between people as representatives of social groups.

"The Role of Art in Human Life" - a composition. The role of art in human life: what the world of beauty prepares for us How art helps in human life

Terminological stop

Special craft

A bit of history

From primitive man

Middle Ages

Renaissance

Towards modernity

Functions and properties

Motivated features

Types and forms

The role of art in human life

Synthetic or real

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