“Problems of Leo Tolstoy's story" After the Ball ". L.N
"After the ball" analysis of the story - theme, idea, genre, composition and features of the work.
"After the ball" analysis
Year of writing — 1903
Genre - story (in the center of the story is one important event in the life of the hero, and the text is small in volume)
Story topic: Love, beating a soldier - Tatar
main characters: Ivan Vasilievich, Varenka, Petr Vladislavovich
Main problem in the story is connected with moral questions: what forms a person - social conditions or an event.
"After the ball" composition:
A feature of the composition is a story within a story.
The basis of the composition is contrast, opposition.
The whole story is the events of one night, about which the hero recalls many years later.
The work is divided into two semantic parts: at the ball and after the ball.
The main part is "After the Ball", despite the fact that it is smaller in volume. That is why the story is called "After the Ball". Thus, the author avoids edifying, imposing his position on the reader, but turns his gaze in the right direction.
These units have their own culminations: at 1 o'clock - the performance of the mazurka by the colonel and his daughter Varenka, at 2 o'clock - the punishment of the soldier under the leadership of the same colonel. In their meaning, these episodes are sharply opposed to each other, that is, they are contrasting.
The first and last parts of the composition are a connecting element of events that happened long ago and later - the story of the main character about an incident that influenced his whole life, the composition method “story within a story” is obtained.
"After the ball" features of the work
The story is built on the reception of contrast, or antithesis, by showing two opposite episodes and, in connection with this, a sharp change in the experiences of the narrator. Contrast is used by the writer in the choice of language means. So when describing the portrait of Varenka, white predominates: "white dress", "white kid gloves", "white satin shoes". White is the personification of purity, light, joy. The musical accompaniment of the story speaks of the holiday in the soul of a young man: a cheerful square dance, a gentle smooth waltz, a perky polka, an elegant mazurka create a joyful mood.
In the scene of the punishment, there are other colors and other music: “... I saw ... something big, black and heard the sounds of a flute and a drum coming from there. It was tough, bad music. "
The meaning of the story "After the Ball" invaluable. The writer posed broad humanistic problems. What is justice, honor, dignity? These problems have worried and are worrying more than one generation of Russian society. That is why Tolstoy recalled an incident that happened in his youth and made it the basis of his story.
The author in the story not only shows evil and good principles in a person, not only condemns cruelty, but also exposes social injustice that distorts the nature of a person, which has false concepts of duty, honor, dignity, and also reveals the true essence of Nicholas Russia .. The writer makes us , readers, to think about the problem of human responsibility for everything that happens.
Block of literature lessons in grade 8
Plekhanova T.A. (teacher of Russian language and literature)
Theme: “L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball".
Objectives: 1) to acquaint students with basic biographical information about the writer;
the history of the creation of the story "After the Ball";
2) to reveal the compositional features of the work through the analysis and analysis of individual episodes;
development of coherent speech of students, the ability to select material on the topic and coherently express thoughts;
work on the linguistic means of the work;
H) the formation in schoolchildren of the concept of a person's personal responsibility for everything he does in life.
Lesson number 1
"L. N. Tolstoy. The personality and fate of the writer ”.
During the classes:
1) Organizational moment
(greeting students, setting lesson goals)
2) Learning new material
Teacher's introduction
Leo Tolstoy's work is one of the brightest pages in the history of Russian literature. The writer told us about Russian life almost as much as all the rest of our literature.
Over two hundred works were written by him. Each of them is a reflection of an entire era of Russian reality. Who is this amazing person, what kind of life did he live?
We learn about this from the article of the textbook "Artist, Thinker, Man".
Reading, drafting an article from a textbook on the biography of the writer.
Sample plan
1) The rich life experience of the writer, the uniqueness of his personality.
2) Tolstoy had an interest in the word, in poetry already in early childhood
3) In his youth, Tolstoy realized his recognition. The story "Childhood" is the writer's literary debut.
4) Life in Yasnaya Polyana, interest in pedagogy, in agriculture, the life of peasants.
5) The active life position of the writer, his versatile interests.
b) A sharp change in the writer's worldview. Consciousness of the moral illegality of the landlord's position.
7) Striving for truth is the basis for the formation of Tolstoy's personality.
H) Consolidation of the learned
Conversation on questions
1) What is the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe article?
Leo Tolstoy was great not only as a genius creator,
but also as a person, as a person.
2) Remember the pages of the story "Childhood". What are the features of the image of her main character, Nikolenka?
3) How the illustration - the photograph of the writer correlates
Tolstoy in this photo? What struck you in
the appearance of the writer?
Selective retelling of the article.
(Expand one or two points of the plan)
4) Lesson summary
Repetition of the concept of "story" and genres of the epic.
Lesson number 2
Theme : Contrast as a technique that reveals the idea of \u200b\u200bthe story "After the Ball".
During the classes:
1) Org. moment
Greeting students, setting lesson goals.
2) Repetition of what has been learned
Frontal poll
Why is this work a story in its genre?
What is said about the main character at the beginning of the story? Ivan Vasilievich is a respected person, he recalls the days of his youth when he was in love.
What idea does Ivan Vasilievich state in the first lines of the work?
He is sure that not only the environment, but also the chance can affect the fate of a person.
What event is described in the work? Ball in the house of the provincial leader, the hero's love, shock from the cruelty of what happened after the ball, disappointment.
What's the idea behind this story?
Personal responsibility of a person for everything he does.
The era of the reign of Nicholas I, the 40s of the 19th century, the time when soldiers in the tsarist army were severely punished for the slightest guilt.
H) Learning new material
Group work on cards
Assignment: using the plan given in the card, write out the key words-epithets from the text of the story in a notebook.
At the end of this work, convey the content of the episode,
using the words written out.
Group 1 - episode "At the Ball"
Group 2 - episode "After the ball"
Explain why our hero perceives everything that happens at the ball with enthusiastic emotion?
He is in love, fascinated by the atmosphere of a holiday, a dinner party. The hero is next to his beloved Varenka; everything is filled with a sense of happiness, youth, beauty.
So, after analyzing these two episodes, draw a conclusion about how they relate.
These two episodes are opposed to each other.
The word U. Guys, such a technique in revealing the idea of \u200b\u200ba work, in which events or characters are opposed to each other, is called a contrast.
Conversation with elements of the dispute
Can it be argued that the colonel is a hypocritical and double-minded person?
What spiritual qualities does the colonel show to his daughter while dancing?
He sincerely loves her, cares about her.
What detail in the colonel's appearance touched the main character the most?
Read (unfashionable calf boots)
What qualities of an officer does the colonel show in the scene of punishment on the parade ground?
The colonel is sincere as an officer, he believes in the necessity of cruel reprisals against the guilty. The colonel, without reasoning, conscientiously fulfills his duty.
What detail does the protagonist pay attention to in the appearance of the colonel?
Read (suede glove the colonel used to hit the soldier in the face)
Where, in what episode, have we already met the same detail - a suede glove?
Read (in the scene of the ball, when the colonel puts this glove on his hand before the dance with his daughter)
Conclusion: the colonel is sincere both in the scene of the ball and on the parade ground, during the cruel reprisal.
Why didn't the main character interfere with what is happening on the parade ground?
Read (he was stunned, could not explain what happened, he was ashamed)
How has the hero's life changed after what he saw on the parade ground?
Gradually he lost interest in Varenka, love faded away, abandoned a military career.
What became the meaning of the main character's life?
Search for truth and goodness. The hero lives in harmony with his conscience, instructing his neighbors on the path of good.
Is Ivan Vasilyevich right when he considered Varenka involved in the evil that his father was committing?
4) Consolidation of the learned
Test
1) What is the artistic technique underlying the composition of the story "After the Ball"?
a) sequence of events
b) contrast
c) cyclical events
2) With what feeling does the main character describe the scene
"At the ball"?
a) indignation
b) neglect
c) delight
H) What dress was Varenka in at the ball?
a) white dress with a pink belt
b) velvet pusy (dark brown)
c) pink
4) With what artistic detail the author
proves the colonel's sincerity for his daughter?
a) white mustache and sideburns
b) suede glove
c) shining eyes and a joyful smile
d) homemade calf boots
5) define the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe story
a) condemnation of despotism
b) condemnation of thoughtless execution of rules
c) the idea of \u200b\u200ba person's personal responsibility
b) On the eve of what holiday was the ball held in the house
provincial leader
a) carnival
b) christmas
7) Why is the colonel, kind and sensitive during the ball,
turns out to be cruel and heartless towards
to the soldiers?
a) fulfills his duties in good faith
8) What sounds, melody are heard during a cruel
reprisals against a fugitive soldier?
a) trumpet sounds
b) the whistle of the flute and drum roll.
5) Lesson summary
So, summing up the lesson, recall what technique does L. N. Tolstoy use in the story "After the Ball" to achieve an understanding of the idea of \u200b\u200bthe work? The author uses the technique of contrast, opposition of events at the ball and after the ball.
House. the task: synopsis of the article of the textbook "Composition of a work of art", prepare for the essay, pick up the necessary factual material.
Lesson number З
Composition on the works of L. N. Tolstoy
1. The life-changing morning .
Thesis plan of the essay:
1. Vital sources of the story "After the Ball". The story of one morning that changed a person's life was hatched by the author of a half-meal. A similar story happened with Leo Tolstoy's brother. How is a real case artistically transformed?
2. The hero of the story. Memories of an elderly person - emphasizes the importance that this story had in his life. The sincerity and truthfulness of the story of Ivan Vasilyevich, "respected by all," his great life experience is the reader's trust in the hero. Retrospective:
a young, handsome, rich man with a brilliant future, in love and beloved. H. Composition and its role. A contrasting image of two episodes: a ball and a soldier's punishment. The opposition of these episodes and the organic connection between them is the development of a single artistic idea. Each episode highlights, highlights another - outwardly prosperous, elegant reality is exposed.
4. Morning as the collapse of love and life itself. The description of the morning takes about a quarter of the story - the concentration of the horrors of reality. Inconsistency with tradition - usually morning symbolizes the beginning, here - the end.
5. Connections between parts: fog that gradually dissipates and shows everything in real light; "Their house", that is, the colonel's house, not far from which the hero sees a terrible picture; the colonel's suede glove, his white mustache and sideburns; motive of the mazurka.
b. Colors and sounds. Something big, black "," many black people "," black uniforms "," something ... colorful ... red "," sounds of flutes and drums "," different, hard, bad music "," unpleasant shrill melody ”, the whistle of sticks and their slaps on the soldier's back. The contrast of these colors and sounds with white and pink, shiny colors.
7. Syntactic tools. Repetitions, an abundance of unidentified pronouns, repetition of direct speech.
8. Feelings of the hero. "Physical, nauseous melancholy", confusion, self-doubt as
consequence of what he saw.
9. Consequences of a terrible morning. A failed career, a lost love. "All life has changed from one night, or rather morning" - the hero himself closely links the magical night and the terrible morning.
10. It's all about the case\u003e? Reflections on the true reasons that changed a person's life.
II. Colonel at the ball and after the ball.
Thesis plan of the essay:
1.Presentation of the hero. Colonel Petr Vladislavovich is the father of the girl with whom the hero-storyteller is in love. For the first time, Varenka points to the "tall, stately figure of her father, the colonel".
2. The appearance of the colonel. "A handsome, stately, tall and fresh old man." "An affectionate, joyful smile, like a daughter's." the daughter resembles a colonel, the colonel reminds Nicholas 1 - a logical conclusion: the daughter resembles Nicholas 1 (of course, indirectly, unconsciously).
Z. details. The colonel's suede glove - "everything is necessary according to the law" - at the ball, he puts it on, dancing with his daughter, and after the ball: "with a strong hand in a suede glove, he beat a frightened little weak soldier in the face." Colonel's “unfashionable, homemade” boots, which touched the protagonist at the ball; white mustache and sideburns.
4. The colonel at the ball. He constantly smiles, treats his daughter kindly, dances deftly, walks smartly in his mother. Shiny eyes and lips, blush. It gives the impression of an old campaigner: chest "not richly decorated with orders", "old" boots.
5. Enthusiastic - the hero's tender feeling for the colonel. At the ball and after the ball (before the episode with the soldier), the hero seems to see Varenka “paired with his father”, unites “him and her in one tender, tender feeling”.
b. Colonel after the ball. Gradual recognition of the colonel by the hero (a sharp contrast to the way he looked at the ball).
7. Feelings of heroes. "Physical, nauseous melancholy", shame - "as if I had been caught in the most shameful act."
8. Consequences of what he saw. Failed career:
“I have not served anywhere and nowhere. ... ... was not good. " Fading love.
9. Reasoning: was the colonel a two-faced person, a hypocrite?
III. What is honor, duty, conscience in my understanding.
Thesis plan of the essay:
1. Definition of concepts (using an explanatory dictionary).
2. The relationship of these concepts: one implies the other.
H. Examples from literature. Pyotr Grinev and Masha Mironova from The Captain's Daughter; the concept of honor,
duty, conscience, which did not allow the hero of "After the Ball" to serve.
4. Examples from my own life experience.
Reasoning: Are these concepts outdated?
Baloo and after ball". Poetry ... ". A word about the poet. Historical theme in the writer's work. Reading poems ... by heart. 2. Composition on races. L.N. Tolstoy« After ball"3. Analysis of the episode. (Leskov “...
Before proceeding directly to the analysis of the story "After the Ball", we will briefly consider the history of its creation. In this article, you will also find compositional features of the work and its plot. The story "After the Ball" was published after the death of Leo Tolstoy in 1911, although he wrote it in 1903. This trend of returned prose was characteristic of that literary period. The story is based on real events. Living with his brothers in Kazan, Tolstoy learned from his brother Sergei the details of his personal life. The brother fell in love with the daughter of a military commander, but seeing the cruelty of her father, he forgot about the marriage and never appeared in their house. This story made a huge lasting impression, and later became the basis for the plot of the story "After the Ball".
Tolstoy thought for a long time about the title of the story. But he named it that way, and this is important in the analysis of "After the Ball", because it was important for Tolstoy to show how a person would behave. after certain circumstances, how it will behave in the new environment.
Story genre and its theme
The work "After the Ball" by Tolstoy is a story, because it tells about one event and one main character. One storyline is traced. It was the stories that Tolstoy wrote in the prime of his literary career. But this story describes two eras: the era of the past, i.e. 40s of the XIX century, and the end of the XIX century. The author used this technique in order to show that nothing in the social structure has changed.
When analyzing Tolstoy's After the Ball, it is important to take into account the theme of the work. The main theme of the story is morality. How one case radically changes a person's worldview. The sub-theme is the life of a soldier. A twenty-five-year service, unquestioning, severity of conditions is described.
Other analysis details
The idea in the story is revealed through the system of images. This is Ivan Vasilievich and the colonel. They are a stumbling block. With the help of these images, Tolstoy shows that it is not chance that decides fate, but the consequences of social life and society. All the severity of that time is visible. The story is based on an antithesis. The entire piece is built on contrast. From the beauty of the polished floor to the terrible punishment; the refinement of Varenka and the sullenness of the Tatar; sounds of flute and drum. The image of a father who initially aroused affection, and then turned into an evil old man. This technique clearly showed how life and its perception have changed in Ivan Vasilievich.
Let's see who are the main characters of the story "After the Ball":
- Ivan Vasilievich. A pleasant young man in love with Varenka. He reassessed his life and actions, seeing the brutal cruelty. He thought about what humanity is and how to relate to people. After what he saw, he decided that he would never hurt anyone.
- Petr Vladislavovich. A sturdy old man who truly loves his daughter. The man is courteous and gallant at the ball, a kind host, but in the scene with reprisals he appears before the readers in a completely different light.
Plot and composition
We conducted a brief analysis of the story "After the Ball". What is the essence of the plot and composition of the work? A picture of a ball opens before us, at which a well-groomed colonel dances with love and tenderness with his daughter. It was on this evening that Ivan Vasilyevich met Varenka. They dance together, it is impossible to take your eyes off them. In the morning, the main character goes home to his beloved. Passing through the city, he notices that the soldiers are leading the Tatar to the place of punishment. It is a great surprise for him that Varenka's father is in charge of this action. It opens up to him from another, secret side. A cold, angry and insensitive colonel gives instructions on how to beat the guilty one. Seeing his daughter's fiancé, he pretended to be strangers. After what he saw, the young man changes his attitude not only to this family, but also to society as a whole. The duration of the story is one day.
language and literature MOU "secondary school with. Salskoe " V. N. Terekhina
Purpose: 1)Help to reveal the features of the story and the writing intent.
2) Develop skills in working with reference materials, develop skills of introspection and self-esteem.
3) To educate in students an understanding of L.N. Tolstoy's thoughts about the moral responsibility of a person for everything that happens around.
Lesson type and type:An in-depth lesson with artistic text. Lesson with elements of modular technology.
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Literature lesson in grade 8 on the topic:Leo Tolstoy's story "After the Ball". Contrast as a technique to reveal the idea of \u200b\u200ba story.
The lesson was developed and conducted within the framework of the regional competition "Innovative
educational technologies in a modern lesson "by a teacher of Russian
language and literature MOU "secondary school with. Salskoe "V. N. Terekhina
Purpose: 1) Help to reveal the features of the story and the writing intent.
2) Develop skills in working with reference materials, develop skills of introspection and self-esteem.
3) To educate in students an understanding of L.N. Tolstoy's thoughts about the moral responsibility of a person for everything that happens around.
Lesson type and type: An in-depth lesson with artistic text.
Lesson with elements of modular technology.
Equipment: 1. Portrait of Leo Tolstoy
2 ... Epigraph to the lesson:“... for personal self-improvement it is necessary
first to change the conditions among which people live.
L. N. Tolstoy "After the ball»
3. Worksheets.
4 ... Literature textbook, dictionary of literary terms.
5 ... On the board are sheets with moral categories -mercy, conscience.
6. On the blackboard - conceptcomposition.
Lesson plan:
1. Org. moment.
2. Clarification of the level of initial perception of the text. Implementation of D / Z. Selective reading of miniature compositions "What impression did Leo Tolstoy's story" After the Ball "make on me?"
3. Analysis of the story "After the Ball". Filling out worksheets.
1. Written answers to task number 1.
2. Observation of language means (work in pairs - No. 2).
A) Write out epithets in the description of the ball scene.
B) Write out epithets in the description of the scene of the soldier's punishment.
Simultaneously - one student performs # 3.
3. Discussion of the results of filling out tasks:
A) Reading and writing the concept of CONTRAST.
B) Exchange of information in tables and record missing materials.
C) Additions of the teacher about the contrasts of color and sounds, repetitions, feelings of the hero.
(dance melodies of the ball - an unpleasant, squeaky melody in the morning, a white dress with a pink belt at Varenka's - black people, a motley, red back of a Tatar; for the hundredth time they walked along the hall in a dance - punches with rods fell and fell; repetition of direct speech: "-" Will you smear? Will you? "; Feelings of the narrator: enthusiastic affection - physical, reaching the point of nausea, melancholy)
4. Independent fulfillment of task number 4, conclusion about the behavior of the colonel at the ball and in the morning on the parade ground.
(At the ball, the colonel is kind, joyful, and in the morning, after the ball, cruel and merciless.)
5 ... Comparison of the images of the colonel and the person being punished. Filling out the table (working in pairs and exchanging information). Question to the class: What is the description based on?(in contrast)
Colonel | Punished |
|
Figure | A tall military man in an overcoat and a cap | A man stripped to the waist, tied to the guns of two soldiers. His back is something motley, wet, red, unnatural. |
Gait | Walked with a firm trembling gait | Twitching with his whole body, slapping his feet in the melted snow ... he would move towards me, then overturning backwards - and then the non-commissioned officers who were leading him behind the guns pushed him forward, then fell in front - and then the non-commissioned officers pulled him back. |
Face | A rosy face and a white mustache with sideburns. | Face wrinkled in misery |
general description | A tall, stately figure was moving with a firm step. | Stumbling, writhing man. |
6. Reading historical background and reasoning on issues (orally):
(this is human)
(everything is necessary according to the law - not a hypocrite, but a Nikolaev campaigner, accustomed to follow orders without reasoning)
(lives according to the laws invented by a serf society)
Historical reference
Punishment with gauntlets
7 ... Story composition message and short notes:
A) The peculiarity of the composition -story within story.
B) The basis of the composition -contrast, opposition.
8 ... Reasoning (Oral):
Comparison of the draft and final versions of the ending of the story and orally answer the questions:
(in the final version, the narrator's feeling about the injustice in the world is more pronounced)
(the image of Varenka correlated with her father)
(does not accept her laws and does not want to become like the colonel)
Draft | Final version |
10. Generalization. Writing the main output pin:What's the idea behind the story? (Why did Leo Tolstoy write this story?) What problems does the writer raise in this story?
L.N. Tolstoy in the story not only shows evil and good principles in a person, not only condemns cruelty, but also exposes social injustice that distorts the nature of a person, which has false concepts of duty, honor, dignity, and also reveals the true essence of Nikolayev's Russia. The carefree, well-fed, festive life of some, lack of rights, oppression, trampling on the human dignity of others - this is the true "face" of Russian reality. The writer makes us, the readers, think about the problem of human responsibility for everything that happens. (See epigraph)
11. Final control. Test execution.
B) contrast, opposition. A) story within story A) alienation B) indignationB) delight | A) suede glove C) "homemade" boots. C) condemnation of despotism |
12. Self-assessment of students.
13. Summing up. Assessment of student work.
Worksheet for a literature lesson in grade 8 on the topic
Leo Tolstoy's story "After the Ball".
Contrast as a technique to reveal the idea of \u200b\u200ba story.
F.I.
1. Reply in writing:
A) What two parts is the plot of the story divided into?
1) ________________________ 2) ______________________________
B) How to explain that in the scene of the ball everything around the hero of the story perceives with enthusiastic emotion? _______
2. Write out epithets in the description of the scenes of the story:
Epithets in the ball description | Epithets in the description of a soldier's punishment |
Famous musicians, ... __________ | Hard, bad music, ... ________ ____________________________________ |
3. Write out the concept of CONTRAST from the literary dictionary
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. Make a conclusion about the behavior of the colonel at the ball and in the morning on the parade ground, write down the conclusion in the form of a sentence with an adversarial alliance "and" and homogeneous members of the proposal.
_________________________________________________________________________________
5 ... Compare the images of the colonel and the person being punished. Fill in the table:
Colonel | Punished |
|
Figure | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ |
Gait | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ |
Face | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ |
general description | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ | __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ |
6. Answer questions orally:
1) Can the same person be nice and kind in one situation, and cruel and merciless in another?
2) Was the colonel a two-faced man, a hypocrite?
3) What do you see as the reason for such contradictions in the character of the colonel?
Historical reference
Punishment with gauntlets
- special military punishment, which differed from the rest in that it was carried out by a group of perpetrators, as a rule, comrades or colleagues of the convict.
The punishment itself consisted in the fact that the executors of the punishment lined up in two lines, forming a "street" along which the convicted person was escorted as many times as it was prescribed by the verdict. Each of the performer had a gauntlet (batog) in his hands, with which he struck when the condemned passed by.
During the execution, a paramedic doctor had to be present to provide medical assistance, since this punishment often led to the death of the punished. The punishment of 3,000 gauntlets was considered equal to the death penalty. Spitsruten appeared in Russia during the reign of Peter the Great; there is information about the use of Sh. in the army, dating back to 1701-1705. They were introduced into the system of punishment by the military charter of 1716.
7 ... The composition of the story. Listen to the message and write briefly:
A) The peculiarity of the composition - ………………………………………………………………….
B) The basis of the composition - ……………………………………………………………………… ...
8 ... Answer the question verbally:Why did Ivan Vasilyevich not intervene in what was happening?
Compare the draft and final versions of the ending of the story and verbally answer the questions:
A) Why did Tolstoy change the history of Ivan Vasilievich's life?
B) Why did the storyteller's love decline?
C) Why did Ivan Vasilyevich not enter military service?
Draft | Final version |
“I started seeing her less often. And my love ended in nothing, but I did as I wanted, in military service, and tried to develop in myself such a consciousness of my duty - as I called it - as a colonel, and partly achieved this. And only in old age now I understood all the horror of what I saw and what I myself did. " | “Well, do you think I then decided that what I saw was a bad thing? Not at all. “If this was done with such confidence and was recognized by everyone as necessary, then, therefore, they knew something that I did not know,” I thought and tried to find out. But no matter how hard I tried and then I could not find out. And without knowing it, I could not enter the military service, as I wanted before, and not only did not serve in the military, but did not serve anywhere and, as you see, was not good enough. " |
9 . While working on the story, L. N. Tolstoy thought for a long time about its title. There were options: "a story about the ball and through the line", "Daughter and father", "Father and daughter", "And you say ..." and, finally, "After the ball." Try to get into the logic of the writer: how does he justify the change in the title of the story? Why do you think you stopped at the latter?
10. Write the output: What's the idea behind the story? (Why did L. N. Tolstoy write this story?)
What problems does the writer raise in this story?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Final control
Run the test highlighting the answers you want.
1. What artistic technique is used in the composition of the story "After the Ball"? A) the sequence of events described B) the cyclical nature of the events presented C) contrast, opposition. 2. What is the type of story composition? A) story within story B) first-person narration 3. How does the narrator feel about the ball scene? A) alienation B) indignation C) delight 4. With the help of what artistic detail does the author prove the sincerity of the colonel's feelings for his daughter? | A) suede glove B) shining eyes and a joyful smile C) "homemade" boots. 5. Why did the colonel, attentive and sensitive during the ball, turn out to be cruel and heartless towards the soldier? B) put on a "mask" of decency at the ball C) in good faith, without reasoning, fulfills his official duties. 6. Determine the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe story. A) the fate of a person depends on the case B) the idea of \u200b\u200ba person's personal responsibility C) condemnation of despotism |
Self-assessment (underline the required answer)
1. Did you learn something new in the lesson? WELL NO
2. Did your classmates help you in class? WELL NO
3. Did you help your classmates in class? WELL NO
4. Did you enjoy the lesson? WELL NO
Theme: “L.N. Tolstoy "After the Ball".
Objectives: 1) to acquaint students with basic biographical information about the writer; the history of the creation of the story "After the Ball";
2) to reveal the compositional features of the work through the analysis and analysis of individual episodes;
development of coherent speech of students, the ability to select material on the topic and coherently express thoughts;
work on the linguistic means of the work;
H) the formation in schoolchildren of the concept of a person's personal responsibility for everything he does in life.
Lesson equipment:
1. Computer presentation. Illustrations based on the works of L.N. Tolstoy;
2. Classroom decoration:
Tables with a tablecloth, on the tables there are volumes of books with the story "After the Ball".
Quotes:
– “The moral meridian of the world runs through Yasnaya Polyana ”;
– “Without my Yasnaya Polyana, I can hardly imagine Russia and my attitude to it ”- (Leo Tolstoy);
– “Tolstoy is really a great artist ”(V. Korolenko);
– “There is no person more worthy of the name of genius, more complex, contradictory and beautiful in everything ”(M. Gorky);
Portraits of L.N. Tolstoy:
– set of photographs "Yasnaya Polyana"
To the left of the board is Lev Nikolaevich's Corner, various editions of L.N. Tolstoy.
There is also a “lonely candle”, which the student will light in the last minutes of the lesson as a symbol of the eternal and everlasting memory of the great Talent of the great Writer.
3. During the lesson, musical accompaniment is used:
Lesson type: The teacher's story, heuristic conversation on questions (during the conversation, "discovery" of new knowledge occurs), commented reading, expressive reading, student messages.
During the classes:
1) Organizational moment
(greeting students, setting lesson goals)
Teacher's introduction
Leo Tolstoy's work is one of the brightest pages in the history of Russian literature. The writer told us about Russian life almost as much as all the rest of our literature.
Over two hundred works were written by him. Each of them is a reflection of an entire era of Russian reality. Who is this amazing person, what kind of life did he live?
We will learn about this from your messages prepared at home
2. Survey of the school "L. Tolstoy - man, thinker, writer"
3. Learning new material. Contrast as a technique that reveals the idea of \u200b\u200bthe story "After the Ball".
Epigraph to the lesson: “You say that a person cannot understand by himself what is good, what is bad, that the whole thing is in the environment, that the environment is seizing. And I think that the whole point is in the case ... "
(Leo Tolstoy, from the story "After the Ball")
-Association. We'll start today's lesson with music. Listen and try to imagine the situation: where and when can we hear this music?
The music of P. Tchaikovsky “Waltz of the Flowers from the ballet The Nutcracker” is played.
Students' responses after listening ( main answer: at the ball)
What kind of music is this, characterize it, pick up epithets.
( Writing on the board: magical, exciting, airy, light, kind, etc.)
What else can you hear at the ball? (Light rustle of dresses, slipping of shoes on the floor, conversations, fun, etc.)
What do you think is the purpose of today's lesson?
Education of mercy, a humane attitude towards a person, rejection of violence against a person.
4. Testing the knowledge of the text of the work.
Polling method"Right and wrong questions"
- The story is told on behalf of Ivan Vasilievich (yes).
- He was deeply in love with Varenka B. (yes).
- The ball was held by the provincial leader on Christmas (no, on the last day of Maslenitsa).
- Ivan Vasilyevich did not like the ball (no, "The ball was wonderful").
- The whole evening I.V. danced with Varenka B. (no)
- Mazurka Varenka danced with her father (yes).
- At 3 o'clock in the morning they danced a square dance (yes).
- After the ball, the narrator could not sleep (yes).
- Walking in the early morning, I.V. saw a scene of punishment of soldiers in the field (yes)
- The Tatar shouted: "Help!" (Yes)
- Colonel B. walked nearby and scolded one soldier (yes)
I.V. married Varenka B. and went into military service (no).
5. Question to students:
Do you remember that at first the story was called "A Story about the Ball and Through the Line", "Daughter and Father", "And you say ...". Why was the title of the story changed?
(“The whole life has changed from one night, or rather the morning,” says Ivan Vasilyevich, which means that the main thing in the story is what happened in the morning, after the ball ”).
What events are described in the story?
(Two main events: the ball at the provincial leader and the scene of the punishment of the soldier after the ball).
5.1. Conversation on the content of the story
Questions:
What is the conversation at the beginning of the story?
(About what is good and what is bad, about the circumstances of life).
What are the two main events that underlie Tolstoy's story?
The governor's ball and the scene of the soldier's punishment.
Let's start with the ball.
5.2 Let us turn to the genre of the work. Frontal poll
Why is this work a story in its genre?
-What is the peculiarity of building a story, its composition?
Highlight the main parts of the story.
(The following main parts are distinguished in the story: introduction, ball, after the ball, conclusion. The story, thus, is enclosed in a “frame.” This compositional technique is called “story in a story”, because the work is written in such a way that we learn about all the events from the narrator)
What is said about the main character at the beginning of the story?
Ivan Vasilievich is a respected person, he recalls the days of his youth, when he was in love.
What idea does Ivan Vasilievich state in the first lines of the work?
He is sure that not only the environment, but also the chance can affect the fate of a person.
What event is described in the work? Ball in the house of the provincial leader, the hero's love, shock from the cruelty of what happened after the ball, disappointment.
What's the idea behind this story?
Personal responsibility of a person for everything he does.
What historical era is depicted by the author in the work?
The era of Nikolai's reignI , 40s of the 19th century, the time when soldiers in the tsarist army were severely punished for the slightest guilt
6. Group work on cards. Viewing a video clip.
Assignment: using the plan given in the card, write out the key words-epithets from the text of the story in a notebook.
At the end of this work, convey the content of the episode,
using the words written out.
Group 1 - episode "At the Ball"
Group 2 - episode "After the ball"
(The ball is wonderful, the hall is beautiful, the buffet is magnificent, the musicians are famous, the cheerful motive of the music sounds incessantly.) (In the spring wet fog there is something black, motley, wet; soldiers in black uniforms, an unpleasant shrill melody is heard.)
1 PART
Let us, together with the heroes of Tolstoy, plunge into the solemn and exciting atmosphere of the ball.
Who gave the ball described in Tolstoy's story?
Give a description of the ball (music played at the ball). What epithets does Tolstoy use?
Describe the appearance and state of mind of the characters in the story during the ball:
Ivan Vasilievich;
Varenki;
colonel Peter Vladislavovich.
PART 2
1. What did Ivan Vasilievich hear when he left the house?
2. What did Ivan Vasilyevich see when he left the house?
3. At what time of day does Ivan Vasilyevich become a witness of a terrible picture - the beating of a Tatar?
Morning, symbolizing, as a rule, the beginning of a new life, in this case acts as a collapse of hopes and love.
The magical night described in part 1 is contrasted with the realities of the morning.
What do you think: the colonel is a two-faced man? Where is he real: at the ball or after the ball?
Why does the colonel, seeing Ivan Vasilyevich, turn away and pretend not to recognize him?
What made the colonel be cruel? ("A military commander of the type of an old campaigner in Nikolaev bearing", confident that "everything must be done according to the law," the colonel is sincere in both scenes.)
Why did the love of Ivan Vasilyevich and Varenka not take place?
Why did Ivan Vasilyevich give up his military career?
Having made the decision not to serve anywhere, Ivan Vasilyevich makes his moral choice. He doesn't want to be as cruel as the colonel. Tolstoy was worried that arbitrariness and cruelty reign in the army. In order to preserve his soul, Ivan Vasilyevich abandons his military career.
What compositional technique is at the heart of Tolstoy's story? Prove your statement
So, after analyzing these two episodes, draw a conclusion about how they relate.
These two episodes are opposed to each other.
The word U. Guys, such a technique in revealing the idea of \u200b\u200b\\ u200b \\ u200bwork, in which events or characters are opposed to each other, is calledcontrast.
Which of the two parts do you consider the main one, which carries the main content of the work?
- Why did the writer need the first part?
- What is the name of this technique?
(Antithesis is opposition.
The story contrasted with the main plot points - the scene of the ball and the execution).
Execution - order of enforcement bodily. punishment or death. executions.
What images, situations are opposed by the writer?
(Ball at the provincial leader \u003d execution,
hall at the leader \u003d description of the street, ball hosts \u003d soldiers, Varenka \u003d punished).
The whole story is built on contrasts - a description of the events of the ball and after, the psychological state of the characters.
Did the contrast help reveal the author's intention?
The composition of the story gives the reader the opportunity to feel all the horror, all the injustice of what is happening, precisely because the scene of punishment is shown after a delightful ball full of love and joy. By arranging events in this order, L.N. Tolstoy helped us to better and deeper understand the idea and meaning of the story.
At what time of the year does Ivan Vasilyevich become a witness to the abuse of a person?
In the spring, during Shrovetide week. Shrovetide is a preparatory week for Great Lent. It is dedicated in the Christian sense to one goal - reconciliation with neighbors, forgiveness of offenses, preparation for repentance. Shrovetide is the time that needs to be devoted to good communication with neighbors, relatives, friends, charity.
7) Consolidation of the learned
Test
1) What is the artistic technique underlying the composition of the story "After the Ball"?
a) sequence of events
b) contrast
c) cyclical events
2) With what feeling does the main character describe the scene
"At the ball"?
a) indignation
b) neglect
c) delight
H) What dress was Varenka in at the ball?
a) white dress with pink sash
b) velvet pusy (dark brown)
c) pink
4) With what artistic detail the author
proves the colonel's sincerity for his daughter?
a) white mustache and sideburns
b) suede glove
c) shining eyes and a joyful smile
d) homemade calf boots
5) identify the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe story
a) condemnation of despotism
b) condemnation of thoughtless execution of rules
c) the idea of \u200b\u200ba person's personal responsibility
b) On the eve of what holiday was the ball held in the house
provincial leader
a) carnival
b) christmas
7) Why is the colonel, kind and sensitive during the ball,
turns out to be cruel and heartless towards
to the soldiers?
a) fulfills his duties in good faith
8) What sounds, melody are heard during a cruel
reprisals against a fugitive soldier?
a) trumpet sounds
b) the whistle of the flute and drum roll.
8. Compilation of syncwine.
What discoveries did you manage to make in today's lesson? What was especially important?
What did you take from this lesson?
9. Lesson summary
Each of you will have to make a choice someday. I wish it was correct. We studied the content, structure and artistic features, we saw in Ivan Vasilievich partly the author himself, in his eternal and desperate desire to destroy all evil in people ...
We will light this “lonely candle” not just as a symbol of the eternal and everlasting memory of the great Talent of the great Writer. We will light a candle to forever preserve in our hearts the image of a real living person who has managed to simultaneously be an artist, thinker and human.
10 homework
Make a comparative description:
2. Answer questions No. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 pages of the textbook
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