Composition based on the painting by Aivazovsky The Ninth Wave (9th Wave). Description of the painting and

We continue the project "The History of One Picture". In it we tell about the most famous canvases from St. Petersburg museums. Today - "The Ninth Wave" by Ivan Aivazovsky.

Ivan Aivazovsky. "The Ninth Wave". Canvas, oil. Dimensions: 221x332 cm

The great Russian artist Ivan Aivazovsky has Armenian roots. His ancestors bore the surname Ayvazyan. He himself was recorded in the registers of births as Hovhannes Ayvazyan. And his father signed himself with the name "Gayvazovsky". The future painter also used the same surname when entering an art school. A few years later, he decided to drop the first letter - and became Aivazovsky.

The second fact. Service.

In September 1844, the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts awarded Ivan Aivazovsky the title of academician. A few days later, the artist was assigned to the Main Naval Staff. He received the title of the first painter and the right to wear a marine uniform. His responsibilities included painting views of Russian ports and coastal cities. True, the artist was not assigned a cash allowance - he had to work "on a voluntary basis."

Fact three. People's.

The painting "The Ninth Wave" was painted in 1850. Aivazovsky took the name from the popular belief that during a storm one of the waves stands out for its power and size. By the way, the ancient Greeks considered the third wave to be the most disastrous, while the Romans considered the tenth one. In the views of other sailors, the ninth wave was the most crushing.

Fact four. Spontaneous

For the painting, Aivazovsky chose a terrible moment of the elements. We see huge waves, the sky in flashes and a handful of people desperately fighting the elements. Will they be able to survive the most powerful wave? The artist does not give a definite answer. But the gap that appeared, maybe for an instant, a little to the right of the center of the picture, gives hope for salvation.

Fact five. Feodosia

Naturally, Aivazovsky worked on the painting in his studio in Feodosia. But it captures a moment remembered by the artist of the storm, which he saw in the Bay of Biscay in 1844. The ship with Aivazovsky got into a storm and only miraculously managed to escape. Moreover, some newspapers have already managed to report the death of the Russian painter. However, the heavily damaged vessel returned to port a few days later.

Fact six. Workshop

The artist worked in a studio located in the northern part of his house in Feodosia, where the sunbeam penetrated only in the evening, after three hours. Therefore, he was limited in time to work on the painting. Some experts say that it took the artist only three hours to write this masterpiece, excluding preliminary work on the sketches. This is hard to believe, given the scale of the canvas.

Fact seven. Successful

The public liked the picture. Wherever Aivazovsky exhibited it, a queue lined up. Russian critics wrote rave reviews and compared the canvas to Bryullov's The Last Day of Pompeii. In the fall of 1850, the painting was on display at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. Ivan Shishkin, who was then only 19 years old, is said to have spent several hours before this work.

Fact eight. Tretyakovsky

The famous collector Pavel Tretyakov became interested in Aivazovsky's successes. He especially liked the Ninth Wave and was going to buy it from the artist. In one of his letters, Tretyakov wrote to Aivazovsky: “... give me only your magic water, such that it would fully convey your incomparable talent! I really want to have your picture in my collection as soon as possible! "

Fact nine. Imperial

But Tretyakov was not lucky. The painting was bought by Emperor Nicholas I for the Hermitage. In 1897, it was transferred to the then Russian Museum. There she is now.

Fact ten. Japanese

However, sometimes the picture goes on tour. She left the Russian Museum 8 times. The farthest trip is to Japan. Oddly enough, the inhabitants of the land of the rising sun generally breathe unevenly towards the work of Aivazovsky. In 2003, the year of the 30th anniversary of the Fuji Museum, its administration conducted a survey among visitors: which of the works in thirty years is the most memorable? And the Japanese viewers unanimously answered: "Aivazovsky's Ninth Wave".

Judging by the number of various copies and reproductions that it has received during its existence, the painting "The Ninth Wave" by Aivazovsky is one of the most significant in the history of Russian painting. It is difficult to find a person who would not know her. The history of this work is remarkable. Created at the beginning of his independent career, the painting "The Ninth Wave" by Aivazovsky became one of the undisputed peaks in his work. This was far from the first, but certainly the most powerful work of a graduate of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. It was presented to the public in 1850. There were still fifty years of creativity and dozens of grandiose masterpieces ahead.

"The Ninth Wave", Ivan Aivazovsky. The plot of the picture

It depicts people in exceptional circumstances. They are shipwrecked and on the wreck they balance between life and death. The storm that sent their ship to the bottom has not yet subsided. The biggest and most terrible wave is moving on them - the legendary Ninth Wave. The wave is advancing against the backdrop of the incredible beauty of the sunset. This image is self-sufficient in its expressiveness. It has become well-known and classic long ago. Everyone can easily imagine it, hearing the name of the picture and the author's surname - "The Ninth Wave", Aivazovsky. Description in words is unnecessary here. It remains to be silently frozen in admiration before the creation of the great master.

Painting some facts from her history

This grandiose canvas (its dimensions exceed three by two meters) is one of the adornments of the State Russian Museum. Its first owner was the Sovereign Emperor. The Russian monarch was not the only admirer of this masterpiece. The general public was shocked by the virtuoso skill of Ivan Aivazovsky. The play of light and shadow, the depth of the sky and illusory transparency on the canvas of the master made people at exhibitions stand for long hours in front of this canvas. The painting "The Ninth Wave" by Aivazovsky remains to this day the unsurpassed pinnacle of Russian painting. According to the stylistic and genre definition, it certainly should be attributed to romanticism. It depicts people in mortal combat and confrontation with exceptional natural circumstances. And these are the characteristic signs of this

"The ninth wave" in everyday life

This work has long become a landmark for several generations of the Russian public. Everyone knows it. The visual image, created in the middle of the nineteenth century by the talent of Ivan Aivazovsky, has been endlessly replicated and accompanies people from childhood to old age. The very name of this picture managed to separate from the work and become a household name. It is used when they want to say that there is a lot of something, and you can drown in it. And people still love the picture itself. Its reproductions are used to decorate interiors of dwellings and offices, and are often placed on the most unexpected household items, on clothes and underwear.

St. Petersburg.

Storm. Wave one after another. A handful of survivors from the shipwreck. A dawn that didn't bring relief. He only illuminated the whole horror of what was happening to people. There is little chance of salvation ...

The Ninth Wave is the most famous painting by Aivazovsky. It was recognized as a masterpiece on the very first day of the exhibition back in 1850. People came to see her several times. Why? What's so special about this?

Let's try to figure it out. And along the way, we will see its most interesting details.

Waves

The legend of the ninth shaft was very popular in the 19th century. The sailors believed that during a storm, the ninth wave in a row was the largest and most destructive.

The heroes of the picture met with her. 6 unfortunate sailors. They cling to life on the raging sea. On a piece of the mast of a lost ship.

Aivazovsky's waves are amazing. The sun shines through them. The artist achieved this effect of transparency by multiple overlaying of strokes (glaze). Such waves you rarely meet with anyone.

Look at paintings by other European marine painters. And you will understand the whole genius of Aivazovsky.

Left: Claude Vernet (France). Shipwreck. 1763, St. Petersburg. Right: Richard Niebs (). Shipwreck. 19th century. National Maritime Museum, London

Wrong waves

Note that the waves come from the victim side. And they are not that huge. Real waves of death reach a height of 20-30 m. On the "Ninth Shaft" they are no more than 3 m high.

Perhaps Aivazovsky spared his heroes. Showing that they can handle it. If he wrote a wave of 30 meters going straight to people, it would be pure tragedy.

He was also an optimist. And in almost every picture with shipwrecks, he softens the tragedy. Adds hope. In the form of the rising sun. Escaped people ashore. The visible ship.

Aivazovsky's paintings. Left: Shipwreck. 1864 Museum of the Catholicosate "Echmiadzin", Armenia. Right: Fleeing from a shipwreck. 1844 State Art Gallery of Armenia, Yerevan

Everyone was delighted with the realistic waves of Aivazovsky. The artist said that he tasted salt when he looked at his paintings.

The most interesting thing is that the waves on the "Ninth Shaft" are not shown correctly! Wrapping wave crests, the so-called "aprons" in the open sea are never formed. Only at the coast, when the wave is already rolling on the beach or rocks.

This does not mean that Aivazovsky did not know this. In 1844, he himself was caught in a violent storm. Then he recalled that many passengers were very frightened. And he, like a madman, stood on the deck. With all his eyes he looked at the raging sea. He absorbed impressions for his future paintings.

Why did he depict the waves incorrectly?

Aivazovsky was a romantic. That is, an artist who admired the elements. And he emphasized the power of nature with various effects.

Agree, a foamed, swirling wave looks more majestic. It is more understandable for an ordinary person. Than the formidable, pyramidal shaft of a real wave.

Sky

Ivan Aivazovsky. The ninth wave. Fragment. 1850 Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

The sky in the painting "The Ninth Wave" is encouraging. Rising Sun. The clouds are dispelled. They are driven by a strong wind. Purple tint of the sky. The night is receding.

Aivazovsky was an excellent master. But he was especially good at lighting effects. He did not use any special paint. However, his sun came out so bright that many believed otherwise.

Some even in all seriousness looked behind the picture. They thought there was a candle behind the canvas.

Survivors

Ivan Aivazovsky. The ninth wave. Fragment. 1850 Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

The people on the Ninth Shaft are carefully written despite their small size. Moreover, their postures and gestures are very expressive. They are desperate. They fight for life with their last bit of strength.

Two of them are about to slide off. One is already falling into the water. The other clings desperately to him. Perhaps we see the last minutes of their lives.

Another sailor stretched out his hand to the sky: "O sea, have mercy on us!" We see another sailor from the back. He brandishes a red rag. The ship is not visible. Moreover, the review is closed by waves. What for? Apparently for good luck.

Please note that people are wearing oriental clothes. A ship from a distant land sank. The viewer does not know these people. They are not his own. These are not the merchants from the next street.

Aivazovsky adds such a distance for a reason. It removes severe anxiety. Which would interfere with enjoying the stormy sea. And the heroism of the people.

How the Ninth Wave affects people

One famous choreographer David Dawson had a story. He came to St. Petersburg to stage a ballet at the Mariinsky. In the foyer of the theater he saw a reproduction of The Ninth Wave. I was a little surprised. A reproduction of the same painting hung in his hotel room.

One night he woke up and looked at the painting. And he was horrified. There were no people on the canvas. As if they were washed away! He saw this as an unkind sign. A sign of the failure of his production. Well, I got such a reproduction. Not exactly an exact copy.

In the morning I ran to the theater and calmed down. At the reproductions at the Mariinsky, people were there. So there is hope.

The ballet premiere was successful.

Why does everyone know "The Ninth Wave"?

It is difficult to imagine a more popular picture than The Ninth Wave. Yes, it is monumental. Grandiose. Works of this level are well known to art critics and painting lovers. But not people who are far from art. He knows absolutely everything about the "Ninth Val". Why?

1. Aivazovsky was the first artist to organize solo exhibitions. And not only in St. Petersburg. But also in provincial cities.

2. Aivazovsky has always been for his art to go to the masses. Hence - postcards with his marines in every shop. Reproductions - in every wine-glass.

3. Aivazovsky knew how to add vivid emotions. The ninth wave is a desperate struggle of a person with an omnipotent element. Such stories always stir up blood.

4. Few of the Russian people have seen the sea. Until they began to travel to seaside resorts in the 30s of the 20th century. Before that, the sea was known only from the paintings of Aivazovsky.

And he had no competitors. Alexey Bogolyubov and Sylvester Shchedrin were also marine painters in the 19th century.

13. To the painting by IK Aivazovsky "The Ninth Wave"
The size of the painting is 221 x 332 cm.
http://www.stihi.ru/2015/07/31/474

Talent from God is invested in everyone,
Manage to alarm him yourself ...

Only by diligence and his skill, Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky wrote in 1850 in the afternoon (RM) "The Ninth Wave" - \u200b\u200bone of the most famous paintings of the Russian marine painter, which entered the hundred most magnificent paintings in the world as a world masterpiece! The beautiful glaze of sea waves with airy foam reflects the glare of the sun, the sun shrouded in clouds creates a feeling of peace and harmony with nature - which means improvisation, you will not find this in nature. Do not take your eyes off ... What a riot of the elements! .. Awesome! You are so imbued with this spectacle that you seem to hear the sound of a raging sea ... the roar of the waves ... the screams and groans of the shipwrecked ... you feel the salt of the sea water on your lips, feeling the horror of what is happening!
Storm? It happens much more so. I am an eyewitness of a storm - when the whole sea is covered with foam - visibility is zero. And in the picture - I understand that everything is already over. Even the sun appeared as a hope for survival.
But not everyone knows that the painting "The Ninth Wave" was painted, like many of his paintings, in the afternoon. He worked in a workshop, which was located in the northern part of his house in Feodosia, where access to the sun's rays and white light was open only at three, and maybe even later, in the afternoon. Also, not everyone knows that it took the artist only three hours to write this masterpiece, where he depicts the sea after a severe night storm and people who were shipwrecked. The sun's rays illuminate huge waves. The largest of them - the ninth shaft - is ready to fall on people trying to escape on the wreckage of the mast. Despite the fact that the ship was destroyed and only the mast remained, the people on the mast are alive and continue to fight the elements. The warm colors of the painting make the sea less harsh and give the viewer hope that people will be saved. And also not everyone knows that he painted several pictures similar to the "Ninth Wave", moving the angle closer or further with people, or at different times of the day, showing a changing background: at night, in the day and at dawn - and a multi-colored tone sunrise, creating the appearance of the movement of people fighting the elements for life, along the raging waves. And if you put all the pictures together, you will see the movement of people, exhausted by the struggle for survival, for several days ...
The painting "The Ninth Wave" delighted everyone contemplating it even earlier in Feodosia in the Aivazovsky Museum. I couldn’t believe it was man-made. Some even looked behind the picture to make sure that it was not a highlight, but a matter of the artist's talent. And the fact that a man created this picture with his own hands is still hard to believe.
The unique art of Aivazovsky, the original "The Ninth Wave", is in the Museum of Ivan Aivazovsky in the city of Feodosia. According to the Internet, a copy exists in the Hermitage. Although in fact, where is the copy, and
where the original is, is unknown - or maybe all these are genuine paintings, because he painted several of them. And everyone, looking at her, will transfer love from the picture to the master of painting.
The artist-painter Ivan Aivazovsky several times, enjoying himself, painted this picture at any time of the day, near and far ... in different shades, depending on the time of day. After all, the heroes of the picture had to swim for a long time to get to the shore ... but I chose the best, in my opinion, the best one, which has long remained in my memory since childhood.

"The Ninth Wave" by I.K. Aivazovsky
The size of the painting is 221; 332 cm

Olga, thank you! And how could you remember everything in the morning or in the afternoon, to write pictures by heart in your office after three hours ... when the sun just rose in his office ... this is the talent of a marine painter for all eras ... with respect ,Nina

The Ninth Wave is a true masterpiece of Russian painting and perhaps the most famous painting by the great marine painter IK Aivazovsky.

In this picture, like in no other, the artist follows the principles of romantic art - he describes, among the variety of life phenomena, not the typical, but what goes beyond the ordinary, the exceptional.

The canvas, painted in 1850, completes the early period of the painter's work.

Aivazovsky shows the sea, which has not yet managed to calm down after a violent night storm, and people wrecked in the ocean. The golden rays of the rising sun illuminate the rolling waves. The largest of them - the ninth wave - is ready to fall on people again.

Exhausted by the unequal struggle with the elements, they try to escape on the wooden fragments of the mast of their ship. By all means Aivazovsky emphasizes the greatness of the sea and the persistence of people. But we do not see the horror of the catastrophe in the picture. Let the elements rage and giant waves roll. People's faith and courage will help them cope with adversity.

With remarkable skill and strength, Aivazovsky conveyed the splendor of the undulating sea. Everything on the canvas is in motion, and the sea, together with billowing and heavily collapsing waves, seems to be truly "alive".

The artist uses the brightest colors of the palette. The upper part of the canvas is painted in pinkish-purple tones - this is how the sky is painted, passing through the swirling, fog-like clouds, the first rays of the sun. Below is a disturbing blue-green sea, the crests of the waves of which shimmer with all the colors of the rainbow.

Aivazovsky's painting "The Ninth Wave" is a hymn to the courage of a man who takes over the forces of the elements, no matter how terrible, so magnificent in its formidable greatness.

In addition to describing the painting by IK Aivazovsky "The Ninth Wave", our website contains many other descriptions of paintings by various artists, which can be used both in preparation for writing an essay on the painting, and simply for a more complete acquaintance with the work of the famous masters of the past.

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