G. Dorokhov. The meaning of Ivan Semenovich Dorokhov in a brief biographical encyclopedia

Biography

DOROKHOV Ivan Semyonovich, lieutenant general (1812).

After graduating from the Artillery and Engineering Cadet Corps in 1787, he was released as a lieutenant in the Smolensk Infantry Regiment. He took part in the Russian-Turkish War of 1787-1791, distinguished himself in the battles of Maximeni, the battles of Focsani and Rymnik. For distinction, he was promoted to captain and transferred to the Phanagorian Grenadier Regiment. Then he took part in the battle of Machin, where he captured one of the fortifications.

In Oct. 1792 transferred to the Chernigov Infantry Regiment. During the uprising of the Polish Confederates in April. 1794 showed personal courage and bravery: having with him a company of grenadiers with a cannon, he withstood enemy attacks for 36 hours, and then fought his way out of encirclement to join the main Russian forces. Promoted to sec.-major for this feat, he continued to serve in the cavalry: from April. 1795 in the Voronezh Hussars, and from Apr. 1797 - in the Sumy Hussar Regiment.

On Sept. 1797 promoted to colonel with appointment to the Life Guards. Hussar regiment, but retired in 1798. After the accession of Emperor Alexander I to the throne, he returned to military service and was appointed commander of the Sumy Hussar Regiment.

In Aug. 1803 promoted to major general with appointment as chief of the Izyum Hussar Regiment. Participant in the Russian-Prussian-French War of 1806 -1807, distinguished himself in the battles of Charnov and Pułtusk. Then he was in the battles of Preussisch-Eylau and Friedland.

During the Russian-Swedish War of 1808-1809 he defended the shores of the Baltic Sea. At the beginning of the Patriotic War of 1812 he commanded the rearguard of the 4th Infantry Corps of the 1st Western Army. Being cut off from the main forces, he managed, avoiding meetings with the French, to withdraw his detachment from the encirclement almost without losses and connect with the 2nd Western Army. Since August, he was the chief of the rearguard cavalry of the united Russian armies, participated in the battles at Molev Bolot, distinguished himself near Lubin, where he was wounded.

In the Battle of Borodino, he led the attack of four cavalry regiments near the village of Semenovskoye, which delayed the enemy’s advance, then participated in the cavalry battles for the Kurgan Battery. For distinction he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general. After leaving Moscow, he led a large partisan detachment (Elisavetgrad Hussars, Life Dragoons and three Cossack regiments with 2 guns), operating along the Moscow road.

In September, as a result of an unexpected attack, he recaptured the city of Vereya, the enemy’s most important communications center, from the enemy, and turned the city into a stronghold for partisan operations. Then, by order of M.I. Kutuzov, monitored the movement of the French along the Kaluga and Smolensk roads, and guarded the left wing of the army. Thanks to well-organized reconnaissance, he was the first to notify the commander-in-chief of the beginning of the withdrawal of French troops from Moscow. In the battle of Maloyaroslavets he was seriously wounded and was forced to leave military service. At his request, he was buried in the Nativity Cathedral in Vereya.

Awarded the following orders: Russian - St. Vladimir 2nd and 3rd class, St. Anna 1st class, St. George 3rd class; Prussian - Red Eagle; a golden cross for the capture of Prague, a golden weapon with diamonds “for the liberation of Vereya.”

Ivan Semyonovich Dorokhov(1762 - April 26 (May 8), 1815) - Lieutenant General. He studied at the engineering cadet corps. In 1794, Dorokhov was in Warsaw when an uprising broke out there on April 6 (18). Having with him only a company of grenadiers with 1 cannon, he held out against attacks for 36 hours, and then, breaking through the crowds surrounding him, united with the main Russian forces. During the assault on Prague, he was among the first to break into the enemy battery.

He took part in the campaign of 1806-1807. At the very beginning of the war of 1812, Dorokhov, cut off with his brigade from the 1st Army, decided, on his own initiative, to join the 2nd Army. For several days he was among the French columns, but managed to escape from them and joined Prince Bagration, under whose command he participated in the battles of Smolensk and Borodino. Since September, he commanded a partisan detachment and caused a lot of harm to the French, exterminating their individual teams; the first to notify Kutuzov about the French movement to Kaluga; at Maloyaroslavets he was wounded in the leg by a bullet. The main success of Dorokhov’s partisan detachment was the capture of the city of Vereya, the most important point of enemy communications. Dorokhov’s report to Kutuzov was brief: “By order of Your Lordship, the city of Vereya was taken by storm on this date.”. Kutuzov announced this “excellent and brave feat” in an order to the army. Later, Dorokhov was awarded a golden sword, decorated with diamonds, with the inscription: “For the liberation of Vereya.”

He was buried, according to his dying will, in Vereya, which he liberated from the French. The village of Dorokhovo in the Ruza district of the Moscow region is named in honor of I.S. Dorokhov.

He is one of the prototypes of the partisan, and formerly the secular rake Dolokhov, in Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace.”

Bibliography:

State Hermitage Museum. Western European painting. Catalog / ed. V.F. Levinson-Lessing; ed. A.E. Krol, K.M. Semenov. - 2nd edition, revised and expanded. - L.: Art, 1981. - T. 2. - P. 257, cat. No. 7873. - 360 p.

Source: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorokhov,_Ivan_Semenovich

Lieutenant General, born in 1762. Released from the Engineering Cadet Corps as a lieutenant officer, he was assigned to the Smolensk Infantry Regiment on October 15, 1787, and the following year began his military exploits, which filled his combat life. While in the corps of Lieutenant General Derfelden, he was at the village of Maksimeni on the p. Serete volunteered to go among the hunters to meet the Turks, entered into a heated battle with them and, despite the superiority of the enemy forces, forced them to retreat (April 21, 1789). When the Russian troops, who were under the command of Suvorov, united with the Roman Imperial army, commanded by the Prince of Saxe-Coburg, Dorokhov distinguished himself in action on July 20 - in the battle on the river. Putna, and the next day - during the capture of Focshan. On September 11, during the general battle of the river. Rymne (Rymnik), Dorokhov was on duty under Suvorov and, transmitting orders, he had to visit the most dangerous places on the battlefield. For this battle, D. was awarded the rank of captain, and Suvorov in his report said about him that he carried out his instructions “to the best of his ability, being constantly in fierce fire.” In 1791, on June 28, he took part in the famous Machinskaya Battle, during which, while in the detachment of Prince. Golitsyn, he was constantly under deadly enemy fire.

When in 1794, on April 6, a bloody riot occurred in Warsaw, Dorokhov, being in the Depreradovich battalion, was sent with one gun and a company of grenadiers against a large crowd of rebels.

He repelled the rebels four times and, finally, having lost all the gunners with his cannon, he used it himself. Despite the two wounds he received, he held his post for 36 hours, and only on the 7th, having learned about the retreat of the main commander, General-in-Chief Igelstrom, he made his way with the survivors of his soldiers through the crowds of Poles, united with the main detachment and left Warsaw. On September 29, he took part in the battle of Maciovice, being with the commander-in-chief, and on October 24, during the assault on Prague, D., accompanied by only four rangers, was the first to jump onto the battery.

In 1798, he was granted the rank of colonel and soon after, for unknown reasons, he retired, which he served until 1802. This year, on March 13, he was again accepted into military service and soon (1803) promoted to major general. October 28, 1806 General. Dorokhov entered the Prussian borders among the troops of Bennigsen’s corps, commanding the Izyum Hussar Regiment (his 14-year command of this regiment coincides with the most valiant period in the regiment’s history). During this campaign, he participated, among other things, in the Battle of Pultus (December 14) and in many skirmishes with the enemy, and in one of them (at the village of Gough on February 25) he received a severe concussion in the leg. During the war of 1808-1809. gene. Dorokhov defended the shores of the Baltic Sea from the encroachments of the allied Anglo-Swedish fleet. He participated in the Patriotic War from the very beginning. When, upon receiving news in the main apartment that the enemy had crossed the Neman, the entire army began to quickly retreat.

Dorokhov, who then commanded the vanguard of the corps, located in Orany, halfway from Grodno to Vilna, was forgotten to send an order to retreat, and therefore he remained in place. When, finally, the order was received by them, the corps gr. Shuvalov was already separated from Dorokhov's detachment by the enemy.

Finding himself in such a critical situation, D. hastily moved to Olkenichy, where he found Barclay de Tolly’s order to join the 2nd Army of the Prince. Bagration, since the path to the 1st Army was cut off by the enemy.

Dorokhov was considered already dead, his situation, indeed, was hopeless, but nevertheless, for nine days (July 18-26), where - fighting, where - retreating, he skillfully maneuvered with the enemy, until, finally, in Volozhin he managed to open messages with Platov, who was in the 2nd Army. During all this time, he lost only 60 people from his squad.

On the day of the Battle of Borodino, Dorokhov was in the bar in the 2nd Cavalry Corps. Korf, which formed the reserve behind the 4th Infantry Corps gr. Osterman.

At about 9 o'clock in the morning, when the intensified attacks of Davout, Ney, Murat and Junot on Semenovskoye began to threaten the Russian army, D. was sent with the Courland and Orenburg dragoons and with the Sumy and Mariupol hussar regiments to help the prince. Bagration and with bold attacks restrained the enemy, driving him into an area covered with bushes and inconvenient for cavalry operations.

For the battle of Borodino he was promoted to lieutenant general.

After that, he covered the retreat of Russian troops to Moscow. On September 6 and 7, commanding a detachment separate from the army, he defeated the village. Znamensky 4 enemy cavalry regiments; from the 7th to the 13th he was on expeditions along the Mozhaisk road, destroying spare powder parks, convoys and parties going from Smolensk to Moscow, and on the 15th he destroyed an entire enemy guards detachment, which was under the command of Colonel Mortier.

Soon after, Kutuzov instructed Dorokhov to take Vereya, a district town 117 versts from Moscow, which served as a fulcrum for partisan operations against enemy communications and a junction point for our flying detachments.

Having received the order, Dorokhov crossed Protva with his detachment at night and at 4 a.m. approached Vereya. Located on a mountain about 5 fathoms high, Vereya was surrounded by enemies with a rampart and palisade; the Vereya garrison consisted of a battalion of Westphalian troops. Dorokhov quietly, without shooting, led his detachment to the fortification and suddenly attacked it with bayonets; The Russians removed the sentries and burst into the city, taking the garrison, which was carelessly sleeping, by surprise.

Dorokhov reported laconically to Kutuzov about the capture of Vereya: “By order of Your Lordship, the city of Vereya was taken by storm on this date.” After the occupation of Vereya, Kutuzov entrusted D-va with another important assignment: to monitor the enemy’s movement along the Kaluga and Smolensk roads and protect the left wing of the army. Becoming with his detachment at the village. Kotovo on the banks of the Nara, D. disturbed the enemy every day, taking many prisoners, and learned from his travels, as well as from the interrogation of prisoners, about everything that was happening in the French army. Meanwhile, on the new Kaluga road, enemy troops began to appear in greater and greater numbers; Obviously, Napoleon was planning some new maneuver.

Dorokhov penetrated Napoleon’s plans and on October 9th reported to Kutuzov: “I believe the real movements of the enemies are necessary for them... But this action of the enemy may be a preliminary movement of his entire army to Borovsk, why I consider it necessary to take all measures so that as soon as possible be informed about all his movements "... Soon, indeed, they learned that Napoleon went to Borovsk, and his advanced detachments moved to Maloyaroslavets, where by the morning of October 12, Kutuzov gathered his troops and where the famous Maloyaroslavets battle took place. This was the last battle in which Dorokhov took part: at the end of the battle, he was wounded by a bullet in the heel of his left leg and forced to retire from the battlefield.

After this he did not live long.

The suffering from the wounds he received soon brought him to the grave.

He died on the night of April 25-26, 1815. He was buried in the Vereisky Nativity Cathedral.

S. Ushakov: Acts of Russian commanders, St. Petersburg. 1822, "Russian Bulletin", 1815, book. 12. - Memories of the deeds and death of the brave Russian general Ivan Semenovich Dorokhov. "Northern Post", 1815, No. 41. - Lieutenant General. I. S. Dorokhov. "Magazine for reading educated military educational institutions", 1845, vol. 56, No. 224. - Features from the life of Russian generals. (Polovtsov) Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich - Lieutenant General (1762-1815). He studied at the engineering cadet corps.

Having with him only a company of grenadiers with 1 cannon, he held out against attacks for 36 hours, and then, breaking through the crowds surrounding him, united with the main Russian forces.

During the assault on Prague, he was among the first to break into the enemy battery.

He took part in the campaign of 1806-1807. At the very beginning of the war of 1812, D., cut off with his brigade from the 1st Army, decided, on his own initiative, to join the 2nd Army.

For several days he was among the French columns, but managed to escape from them and joined Prince Bagration, under whose command he participated in the battles of Smolensk and Borodino.

Since September, he commanded a partisan detachment and caused a lot of harm to the French, exterminating their individual teams; the first to notify Kutuzov about the French movement to Kaluga; at Maloyaroslavets he was wounded in the leg by a bullet. - He was buried, according to his dying will, in Vereya, which he liberated from the French (see). (Brockhaus) Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich - g.-l., hero and partisan of 1812, came from the nobility and family. in 1762 After graduating from Eng. cadet building, D. was produced on October 15. 1787 Smolen. infantry n. and took part in the war with the Turks.

He has been in the combat field since the first. the same steps have proven themselves to be the best. sides. 2 Apr. 1789, commanding hunters, he repelled the Turks from the village of Maksimeni and threw them back across the river. Seret. July 20, in the case on the Prut River, and on the other. day, during the capture of Focsani, D. showed outstanding courage. 11 st., in battle. under Rymnik, he was an orderly under Suvorov and, transmitting orders, was “continuously in cruel fire.” For this battle D. was awarded the rank. cap and transferred to the Phanagorian Grenadier Regiment. On June 28, 1791, he took part in the Battle of Machinskaya and captured one of the fortifications.

Translated Oct 13 1792 in Chernigov. infantry n., D. showed special courage and bravery during the bloodshed. uprising in Warsaw.

Surrounded April 6 1794 mutiny. crowd, he made his way with a company to the Kyiv battalion. Grenadier Regiment Then sent with a company and a gun against numerous. crowd, D. repelled the rebels four times and, having lost all the gunners with the cannon, acted with it himself. Despite two wounds, he held his post for 36 hours. and only after learning about the retreat of the heads. strength, made his way with the surviving soldiers through the crowd of Poles and left Warsaw.

Having recovered from his wounds, D. supported the front line. posts of the corps that left Warsaw and destroyed on May 23 in Medveditsy nepr. lancer party In battle at Maciowice he was with General Fersen, and on October 24, during the storming of Prague, he was among the hunters and was the first to jump onto the parapet.

Promoted to sec.-major for this feat, D. expressed a desire to continue serving in the Cavalry and was transferred on April 21. 1795 in Voronezh. hussar. p. 9 Apr. In 1797 he transferred to the Sumy Hussars. p., 12 st. 1797 prod. to the regiment with an appointment to the Life Guards Hussars, but soon after that he was dismissed. 13 mrt. 1802 D. again entered service in the Sumy Hussars. regiment and 17 Aug. In 1803 he was promoted to major general, with the appointment of chief of Izyumsk. hussar. n. Having crossed with the regiment on October 28. 1806 Prussian. border, he took part in the war with the French and distinguished himself in the battles of Charnov and Pułtusk.

Awarded horde. St. George 3rd century, D. was still in the battles of Preussisch-Eylau and Friedland.

At the conclusion of Tilsit. Peace Izyum hussars received George. pipes, and their brave chief is a horde. St. Vladimir 3 tbsp. During the war of 1808-1809. D. defended the shores of the Baltic. seas. At the beginning of Fatherland. During the war, he was appointed head of the airborne corps located in Orany.

During the retreat of the 1st Army from the Neman, D. forgot to send an order to retreat, and he found himself cut off from his own. Having decided on my own. initiative to join the 2nd Army, he was among the French for 9 days. columns, but with cunning and determination he managed to escape and join the prince. Bagration, having lost only 60 hours. Then being in the vanguard of the 2nd Army, D. participated in all matters and was wounded in the arm on August 7. under Lubin.

On the day of Borodin. battle he was in the II Cavalry. corps, which formed the reserve for the IV infantry. body.

OK. 9 o'clock y., when the French attack on the village. Semenovskoye began to threaten the Russians. army, D. was sent with 4 cavalry regiments to help the prince. Bagration and dared. held the enemy back with attacks.

Transferred to Borodino in the city of Leningrad, he covered the retreat and was then expelled from special duty. detachment to act on enemy messages along Moscow. road. 6 st. D. defeated at the village. Znamensky 4 cont. Cavalry regiment and then undertook a search for Mozhaisk. road, destroyed by the French. stock gunpowder parks, convoys and teams marching from Smolensk to Moscow.

Finally, 15 st. he defeated the detachment of the regiment. Mortier.

Soon after this, Kutuzov instructed D. to take the city of Vereya and make it a stronghold. point for partisans. actions and a gathering place for our volatiles. squads.

Having crossed Protva with his detachment, D. arrived at 4 o’clock. u. 29 st. to Vereya and unexpectedly attacked the city. The garrison, which was carelessly sleeping, was taken by surprise and then briefly. resistance surrendered. 1 banner, colonel, 15 officers and 177 row. were the trophies of this dashing raid, for which the Emperor sent D. angry. saber with diamonds and the inscription “For the liberation of Vereya.” Then Kutuzov entrusted D. with monitoring the movement of the French to Kaluzh. and Smolensk. roads and lion security. wing of the army. Becoming with a detachment at the village. Kotovo on Ber. Nary, D. disturbed the enemy every day, taking many prisoners and receiving information about everything that was happening in the French. army. Thanks to correctly conducted reconnaissance, D. was the first to notify Kutuzov about the French movement towards Kaluga.

Having then entered the command of Dokhturov, D. took part in the battle. at Maloyaroslavets and was wounded by a bullet in the leg.

Suffering from his wounds forced him to leave fighting. field and were soon taken to the grave. 25 Apr 1815 D. died in Tula and according to his last. will be buried in Vereya, which he took, on Rozhdestven. Cathedral (Military Gallery of the Winter Palace.

T. I; Ushakov.

Acts grew. regiments of 1812, "Russian Vestn.", 1815. Book. 12; "Northern Post", 1815, No. 41; "Journal for reading educators in educational institutions", 1845, T. 56, No. 224). (Military enc.) Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich Lieutenant General, hero 1812, b. 1762, † 15 Apr. 1813 (Polovtsov)

Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich

Lieutenant General, born in 1762. Released from the Engineering Cadet Corps as a lieutenant officer, he was assigned to the Smolensk Infantry Regiment on October 15, 1787, and the following year began his military exploits, which filled his combat life. While in the corps of Lieutenant General Derfelden, he was at the village of Maksimeni on the p. Serete volunteered to go among the hunters to meet the Turks, entered into a heated battle with them and, despite the superiority of the enemy forces, forced them to retreat (April 21, 1789). When the Russian troops, who were under the command of Suvorov, united with the Roman Imperial army, commanded by the Prince of Saxe-Coburg, Dorokhov distinguished himself in action on July 20 - in the battle on the river. Putna, and the next day - during the capture of Focshan. On September 11, during the general battle of the river. Rymne (Rymnik), Dorokhov was on duty under Suvorov and, transmitting orders, he had to visit the most dangerous places on the battlefield. For this battle, D. was awarded the rank of captain, and Suvorov in his report said about him that he carried out his instructions “to the best of his ability, being constantly in fierce fire.” In 1791, on June 28, he took part in the famous Machinskaya Battle, during which, while in the detachment of Prince. Golitsyn, he was constantly under deadly enemy fire. When in 1794, on April 6, a bloody riot occurred in Warsaw, Dorokhov, being in the Depreradovich battalion, was sent with one gun and a company of grenadiers against a large crowd of rebels. He repelled the rebels four times and, finally, having lost all the gunners with his cannon, he used it himself. Despite the two wounds he received, he held his post for 36 hours, and only on the 7th, having learned about the retreat of the main commander, General-in-Chief Igelstrom, he made his way with the survivors of his soldiers through the crowds of Poles, united with main detachment and left Warsaw. On September 29, he took part in the battle of Maciovice, being with the commander-in-chief, and on October 24, during the assault on Prague, D., accompanied by only four rangers, was the first to jump onto the battery. In 1798, he was granted the rank of colonel and soon after, for unknown reasons, he retired, which he served until 1802. This year, on March 13, he was again accepted into military service and soon (1803) promoted to major general. October 28, 1806 General. Dorokhov entered the Prussian borders among the troops of Bennigsen’s corps, commanding the Izyum Hussar Regiment (his 14-year command of this regiment coincides with the most valiant period in the regiment’s history). During this campaign, he participated, among other things, in the Battle of Pultus (December 14) and in many skirmishes with the enemy, and in one of them (at the village of Gough on February 25) he received a severe concussion in the leg. During the war of 1808-1809. gene. Dorokhov defended the shores of the Baltic Sea from the encroachments of the allied Anglo-Swedish fleet. He participated in the Patriotic War from the very beginning. When, upon receiving news in the main apartment that the enemy had crossed the Neman, the entire army began to quickly retreat. Dorokhov, who then commanded the vanguard of the corps, located in Orany, halfway from Grodno to Vilna, was forgotten to send an order to retreat, and therefore he remained in place. When, finally, the order was received by them, the corps gr. Shuvalov was already separated from Dorokhov's detachment by the enemy. Finding himself in such a critical situation, D. hastily moved to Olkenichy, where he found Barclay de Tolly’s order to join the 2nd Army of the Prince. Bagration, since the path to the 1st Army was cut off by the enemy. Dorokhov was considered already dead, his situation, indeed, was hopeless, but nevertheless, for nine days (July 18-26), where - fighting, where - retreating, he skillfully maneuvered with the enemy, until, finally, in Volozhin he managed to open messages with Platov, who was in the 2nd Army. During all this time, he lost only 60 people from his squad. On the day of the Battle of Borodino, Dorokhov was in the bar in the 2nd Cavalry Corps. Korf, which formed the reserve behind the 4th Infantry Corps gr. Osterman. At about 9 o'clock in the morning, when the intensified attacks of Davout, Ney, Murat and Junot on Semenovskoye began to threaten the Russian army, D. was sent with the Courland and Orenburg dragoons and with the Sumy and Mariupol hussar regiments to help the prince. Bagration and with bold attacks restrained the enemy, driving him into an area covered with bushes and inconvenient for cavalry operations. For the battle of Borodino he was promoted to lieutenant general. After that, he covered the retreat of Russian troops to Moscow. On September 6 and 7, commanding a detachment separate from the army, he defeated the village. Znamensky 4 enemy cavalry regiments; from the 7th to the 13th he was on expeditions along the Mozhaisk road, destroying spare powder parks, convoys and parties going from Smolensk to Moscow, and on the 15th he destroyed an entire enemy guards detachment, which was under the command of Colonel Mortier. Soon after, Kutuzov instructed Dorokhov to take Vereya, a district town 117 versts from Moscow, which served as a fulcrum for partisan operations against enemy communications and a junction point for our flying detachments. Having received the order, Dorokhov crossed Protva with his detachment at night and at 4 a.m. approached Vereya. Located on a mountain about 5 fathoms high, Vereya was surrounded by enemies with a rampart and palisade; the Vereya garrison consisted of a battalion of Westphalian troops. Dorokhov quietly, without shooting, led his detachment to the fortification and suddenly attacked it with bayonets; The Russians removed the sentries and burst into the city, taking the garrison, which was carelessly sleeping, by surprise. After a brief resistance, the enemy surrendered (September 29). Dorokhov reported laconically to Kutuzov about the capture of Vereya: “By order of Your Lordship, the city of Vereya was taken by storm on this date.” After the occupation of Vereya, Kutuzov entrusted D-va with another important assignment: to monitor the enemy’s movement along the Kaluga and Smolensk roads and protect the left wing of the army. Becoming with his detachment at the village. Kotovo on the banks of the Nara, D. disturbed the enemy every day, taking many prisoners, and learned from his travels, as well as from the interrogation of prisoners, about everything that was happening in the French army. Meanwhile, on the new Kaluga road, enemy troops began to appear in greater and greater numbers; Obviously, Napoleon was planning some new maneuver. Dorokhov penetrated Napoleon’s plans and on October 9th reported to Kutuzov: “I believe the real movements of the enemies are necessary for them... But this action of the enemy may be a preliminary movement of his entire army to Borovsk, why I consider it necessary to take all measures so that as soon as possible be informed about all his movements "... Soon, indeed, they learned that Napoleon went to Borovsk, and his advanced detachments moved to Maloyaroslavets, where by the morning of October 12, Kutuzov gathered his troops and where the famous Maloyaroslavets battle took place. This was the last battle in which Dorokhov took part: at the end of the battle, he was wounded by a bullet in the heel of his left leg and forced to retire from the battlefield. After this he did not live long. The suffering from the wounds he received soon brought him to the grave. He died on the night of April 25-26, 1815. He was buried in the Vereisky Nativity Cathedral.

S. Ushakov: Acts of Russian commanders, St. Petersburg. 1822, "Russian Bulletin", 1815, book. 12. - Memories of the deeds and death of the brave Russian general Ivan Semenovich Dorokhov. "Northern Post", 1815, No. 41. - Lieutenant General. I. S. Dorokhov. "Magazine for reading educated military educational institutions", 1845, vol. 56, No. 224. - Features from the life of Russian generals.

(Polovtsov)

Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich

Lieutenant General (1762-1815). He studied at the engineering cadet corps. In 1794, D. was in Warsaw when an uprising broke out there on April 6 (18). Having with him only a company of grenadiers with 1 cannon, he held out against attacks for 36 hours, and then, breaking through the crowds surrounding him, united with the main Russian forces. During the assault on Prague, he was among the first to break into the enemy battery. He took part in the campaign of 1806-1807. At the very beginning of the war of 1812, D., cut off with his brigade from the 1st Army, decided, on his own initiative, to join the 2nd Army. For several days he was among the French columns, but managed to escape from them and joined Prince Bagration, under whose command he participated in the battles of Smolensk and Borodino. Since September, he commanded a partisan detachment and caused a lot of harm to the French, exterminating their individual teams; the first to notify Kutuzov about the French movement to Kaluga; at Maloyaroslavets he was wounded in the leg by a bullet. - He was buried, according to his dying will, in Vereya, which he liberated from the French (see).

(Brockhaus)

Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich

G.-L., hero and partisan of 1812, came from the nobility and family. in 1762 After graduating from Eng. cadet building, D. was produced on October 15. 1787 Smolen. infantry n. and took part in the war with the Turks. He has been in the combat field since the first. the same steps have proven themselves to be the best. sides. 2 Apr. 1789, commanding hunters, he repelled the Turks from the village of Maksimeni and threw them back across the river. Seret. July 20, in the case on the Prut River, and on the other. day, during the capture of Focsani, D. showed outstanding courage. 11 st., in battle. under Rymnik, he was an orderly under Suvorov and, transmitting orders, was “continuously in cruel fire.” For this battle D. was awarded the rank. cap and transferred to the Phanagorian Grenadier Regiment. On June 28, 1791, he took part in the Battle of Machinskaya and captured one of the fortifications. Translated Oct 13 1792 in Chernigov. infantry n., D. showed special courage and bravery during the bloodshed. uprising in Warsaw. Surrounded April 6 1794 mutiny. crowd, he made his way with a company to the Kyiv battalion. Grenadier Regiment Then sent with a company and a gun against numerous. crowd, D. repelled the rebels four times and, having lost all the gunners with the cannon, acted with it himself. Despite two wounds, he held his post for 36 hours. and only after learning about the retreat of the heads. strength, made his way with the surviving soldiers through the crowd of Poles and left Warsaw. Having recovered from his wounds, D. supported the front line. posts of the corps that left Warsaw and destroyed on May 23 in Medveditsy nepr. lancer party In battle at Maciowice he was with General Fersen, and on October 24, during the storming of Prague, he was among the hunters and was the first to jump onto the parapet. Promoted to sec.-major for this feat, D. expressed a desire to continue serving in the Cavalry and was transferred on April 21. 1795 in Voronezh. hussar. p. 9 Apr. In 1797 he transferred to the Sumy Hussars. p., 12 st. 1797 prod. to the regiment with an appointment to the Life Guards Hussars, but soon after that he was dismissed. 13 mrt. 1802 D. again entered service in the Sumy Hussars. regiment and 17 Aug. In 1803 he was promoted to major general, with the appointment of chief of Izyumsk. hussar. n. Having crossed with the regiment on October 28. 1806 Prussian. border, he took part in the war with the French and distinguished himself in the battles of Charnov and Pułtusk. Awarded horde. St. George 3rd century, D. was still in the battles of Preussisch-Eylau and Friedland. At the conclusion of Tilsit. Peace Izyum hussars received George. pipes, and their brave chief is a horde. St. Vladimir 3 tbsp. During the war of 1808-1809. D. defended the shores of the Baltic. seas. At the beginning of Fatherland. During the war, he was appointed head of the airborne corps located in Orany. During the retreat of the 1st Army from the Neman, D. forgot to send an order to retreat, and he found himself cut off from his own. Having decided on my own. initiative to join the 2nd Army, he was among the French for 9 days. columns, but with cunning and determination he managed to escape and join the prince. Bagration, having lost only 60 hours. Then being in the vanguard of the 2nd Army, D. participated in all matters and was wounded in the arm on August 7. under Lubin. On the day of Borodin. battle he was in the II Cavalry. corps, which formed the reserve for the IV infantry. body. OK. 9 o'clock y., when the French attack on the village. Semenovskoye began to threaten the Russians. army, D. was sent with 4 cavalry regiments to help the prince. Bagration and dared. held the enemy back with attacks. Transferred to Borodino in the city of Leningrad, he covered the retreat and was then expelled from special duty. detachment to act on enemy messages along Moscow. road. 6 st. D. defeated at the village. Znamensky 4 cont. Cavalry regiment and then undertook a search for Mozhaisk. road, destroyed by the French. stock gunpowder parks, convoys and teams marching from Smolensk to Moscow. Finally, 15 st. he defeated the detachment of the regiment. Mortier. Soon after this, Kutuzov instructed D. to take the city of Vereya and make it a stronghold. point for partisans. actions and a gathering place for our volatiles. squads. Having crossed Protva with his detachment, D. arrived at 4 o’clock. u. 29 st. to Vereya and unexpectedly attacked the city. The garrison, which was carelessly sleeping, was taken by surprise and then briefly. resistance surrendered. 1 banner, colonel, 15 officers and 177 row. were the trophies of this dashing raid, for which the Emperor sent D. angry. saber with diamonds and the inscription “For the liberation of Vereya.” Then Kutuzov entrusted D. with monitoring the movement of the French to Kaluzh. and Smolensk. roads and lion security. wing of the army. Becoming with a detachment at the village. Kotovo on Ber. Nary, D. disturbed the enemy every day, taking many prisoners and receiving information about everything that was happening in the French. army. Thanks to correctly conducted reconnaissance, D. was the first to notify Kutuzov about the French movement towards Kaluga. Having then entered the command of Dokhturov, D. took part in the battle. at Maloyaroslavets and was wounded by a bullet in the leg. Suffering from his wounds forced him to leave fighting. field and were soon taken to the grave. 25 Apr 1815 D. died in Tula and according to his last. will be buried in Vereya, which he took, on Rozhdestven. Cathedral (Military Gallery of the Winter Palace. Vol. I; Ushakov. Acts grew. regiments of 1812, "Russian Vestn.", 1815. Book. 12; "Northern Post", 1815, No. 41; "Journal for reading educators in educational institutions", 1845, T. 56, No. 224).

(Military enc.)

Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich

(Polovtsov)

Large biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

, Prague, Pultusk, Preussisch-Eylau, Friedland, Smolensk, Borodino, Maloyaroslavets

Awards and prizes

Foreign:

Ivan Semyonovich Dorokhov(- April 25 (May 7)) - Lieutenant General of the Russian Imperial Army, hero of the Patriotic War of 1812.

Biography

Born on April 14, 1762 (according to other sources, September 23, 1762) in Tula. From the small landed nobility. Father is a second major, a participant in the first Turkish war, who retired due to injury. After his father's death he was left an orphan.

From 1783 to 1787 was brought up in the St. Petersburg Artillery and Engineering Cadet Corps. He studied in the same class with the future Count A. A. Arakcheev and General S. V. Nepeitsyn.

Promoted to lieutenant in the Smolensk Infantry Regiment on October 15, 1787, he fought against the Turks from 1787 to 1791. He distinguished himself at Focsani, at Rymnik he was A.V. Suvorov’s orderly. For participation in this battle he was promoted to captain and transferred to the Phanagorian Grenadier Regiment. In the report on the victory at Rymnik, A.V. Suvorov especially noted “Lieutenant of the Smolensk Regiment Ivan Dorokhov, who, according to his knowledge, was especially needed by the Chief Quartermaster,” who was “zealous for service, agile and undaunted.”

After leaving Moscow, he led the vanguard cavalry (2nd and 3rd reserve cavalry corps), and on September 6-7 he defeated 4 regiments of French cavalry near the village of Znamensky. From September 9, he commanded a partisan detachment (consisting of the Elisavetgrad Hussars, Dragoons and three Cossack regiments with two mounted guns) and, successfully operating in the area of ​​the Mozhaisk road, caused a lot of harm to the French, exterminating their individual teams and capturing convoys. On September 15, he destroyed an entire enemy guards detachment of Colonel Mortier. The main success of Dorokhov’s partisan detachment was the capture of the city of Vereya, the most important point of enemy communications, on September 29. Dorokhov crossed Protva with his detachment at night and reached the city at 4 o’clock in the morning. Situated on a hill about 5 fathoms high, Vereya was surrounded by enemies with a rampart and palisade; its garrison consisted of a battalion of Westphalian troops. Dorokhov quietly, without firing a single shot, led his detachment to the fortification and suddenly attacked it with bayonets; The Russians removed the sentries and burst into the city, taking the garrison, which was carelessly sleeping, by surprise. After a brief resistance, the enemy surrendered. Dorokhov’s report to Kutuzov was brief: “By order of Your Lordship, the city of Vereya was taken by storm on this date.”. Kutuzov announced this “excellent and brave feat” in an order to the army. Later, Dorokhov was awarded a gold sword decorated with diamonds, with the inscription: “For the liberation of Vereya.” He was the first to discover and inform Kutuzov about the French movement towards Kaluga. Having then entered the command of D.S. Dokhturov, he took part in the battle of Maloyaroslavets, where he was wounded by a bullet in the leg, which is why he was forced to leave the army.

Awards

• Order of St. George, 3rd class. (1807)
• Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class. (1807)
• Order of the Red Eagle (Prussia, 1807)
• Order of St. Anne 1st class. (1812)
• Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd class. (1813)

Family

He was married twice and had children:

1. wife Anastasia Aleksandrovna Sharapova
   • Alexandra Ivanovna(d. 1875), married to Alexander Efremovich Mukhin (d. 1861), writer and retired staff captain, son of the famous doctor E. O. Mukhin (1766-1850).
2. wife Evdokia Yakovlevna Markova, née Protasova(1781-1847), niece of the first wife of N. M. Karamzin.
   • Rufin Ivanovich(1801-1852), graduate of the Corps of Pages, participant in the Caucasian wars, friend of Pushkin and Lermontov, famous briter, prototype of Dolokhov in “War and Peace”; married to Maria Aleksandrovna Pleshcheeva (1811-1867), daughter of A. A. Pleshcheev.
   • Elizaveta Ivanovna(1803-1836), married to captain Prince Dmitry Petrovich Kropotkin (1800-1837). Ekaterina Ivanovna, in his first marriage to captain Fyodor Gerasimovich Baturin (1793-1825), in his second to Mikhail Fyodorovich Zagryazhsky, a well-known card player in Moscow, he was a wealthy man, but in his old age, having lost his entire fortune, he left his family in need.

Memory

The village of Dorokhovo in the Ruza district of the Moscow region, streets in Moscow and Podolsk are named in honor of I.S. Dorokhov. The saber of I. S. Dorokhov is depicted on the flag of the rural settlement of Dorokhovskoye.

In the city of Vereya, where he is buried, a monument was erected to mark the centenary of the Patriotic War. The monument was inaugurated in the presence of members of the imperial family on September 29, 1913 (old style). During the Civil War, on August 16, 1918, the crypt of the “tsarist general” was opened, looted, and then filled up by decision of a rally of Red Army soldiers leaving for the front. The remains of I. S. Dorokhov were taken out of the basement and thrown from a high slope above Protva. Local residents collected the remains scattered along the slope at night and secretly reburied them. At the same time, in 1918, the monument on the rampart was shelled and then demolished. Before the Great Patriotic War, the head of Karl Marx was installed on the pedestal, which was smashed in 1941 by the blast wave of an air bomb or shell. After the liberation of the city, a small pyramid with a star and an inscription was installed on an artificial rock, which turned out to be very strong "In memory of the Patriotic War of 1812 to Lieutenant General I.S. Dorokhov, who liberated the city of Vereya from the French on October 11, 1812." The monument to I.S. Dorokhov was erected again at the request of local residents in 1957. In 1999, during the restoration of the cathedral, the remains of the famous general were discovered and solemnly re-buried in the Cathedral of the Nativity of Christ.

The son of I. S. Dorokhov, Rufin Dorokhov (1801-1852), served in the training carabinery, Nizhny Novgorod dragoon and other regiments. Was a friend of M.Yu. Lermontov. For participation in duels and violent behavior, Rufin Dorokhov was repeatedly demoted to soldier. Some features of Rufin Dorokhov were reproduced by L.N. Tolstoy in the image of Dolokhov, one of the central characters in L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” (1863-1869).

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Notes

Literature

• // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
• Russian Biographical Dictionary: In 25 volumes / under the supervision of A. A. Polovtsov. 1896-1918.
• Sytin's military encyclopedia. Volume 9. St. Petersburg, 1912
• // Russian archive: Sat. - M., studio "TRITE" N. Mikhalkov, 1996. - T. VII. - pp. 530-531.
• Glinka V.M. , Pomarnatsky A.V. Dorokhov, Ivan Semenovich // . - 3rd ed. - L.: Art, 1981. - P. 103-105.
• Dorokhov I.S., general (b. 1762, Tula - 1815) // Encyclopedic Dictionary: in 58 volumes / T-vo “Br. A. and N. Garnet and K.” - 7th ed., revised. - M., 1913. - T. 18: Darwin - Dorokhov. - Page 640.
• Dorokhov Ivan Semenovich: (b. 1762, Tula - 1815) // Russian biographical dictionary: in 25 volumes - St. Petersburg, 1905. - [T.]: Dabelov - Dyadkovsky. - pp. 598-600.
• Dorokhov Ivan Semenovich // Tula Biographical Dictionary: in 2 volumes - Tula, 1996. - T. 1: (A - L). - pp. 187-188.
• / V.I. Bot // Tula. - 2002. - April 27. - P.5.
• Kolpakidi A., Sever A. GRU special forces. - M.: Yauza, Eksmo, 2008. - P. 75-76. - 864 p. - ISBN 978-5-699-28983-7.

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Excerpt characterizing Dorokhov, Ivan Semyonovich

Arriving in St. Petersburg, Pierre did not notify anyone of his arrival, did not go anywhere, and began to spend whole days reading Thomas a à Kempis, a book that was delivered to him by an unknown person. Pierre understood one thing and one thing while reading this book; he understood the still unknown pleasure of believing in the possibility of achieving perfection and in the possibility of brotherly and active love between people, opened to him by Osip Alekseevich. A week after his arrival, the young Polish Count Villarsky, whom Pierre knew superficially from the St. Petersburg world, entered his room in the evening with the official and solemn air with which Dolokhov’s second entered his room and, closing the door behind him and making sure that there was no one in the room There was no one except Pierre, he turned to him:
“I came to you with an order and a proposal, Count,” he told him without sitting down. – A person very highly placed in our brotherhood petitioned for you to be accepted into the brotherhood ahead of schedule, and invited me to be your guarantor. I consider it a sacred duty to fulfill the will of this person. Do you wish to join the brotherhood of free stonemasons on my guarantee?
The cold and stern tone of the man whom Pierre almost always saw at balls with an amiable smile, in the company of the most brilliant women, struck Pierre.
“Yes, I wish,” said Pierre.
Villarsky bowed his head. “One more question, Count,” he said, to which I ask you not as a future Freemason, but as an honest man (galant homme) to answer me with all sincerity: have you renounced your previous convictions, do you believe in God?
Pierre thought about it. “Yes... yes, I believe in God,” he said.
“In that case...” Villarsky began, but Pierre interrupted him. “Yes, I believe in God,” he said again.
“In that case, we can go,” said Villarsky. - My carriage is at your service.
Villarsky was silent the whole way. To Pierre's questions about what he needed to do and how to answer, Villarsky only said that brothers more worthy of him would test him, and that Pierre needed nothing more than to tell the truth.
Having entered the gate of a large house where the lodge was located, and walking along a dark staircase, they entered a lighted, small hallway, where, without the help of a servant, they took off their fur coats. From the hall they went into another room. Some man in a strange attire appeared at the door. Villarsky, coming out to meet him, said something quietly to him in French and went to a small closet, in which Pierre noticed clothes he had never seen before. Taking a handkerchief from the closet, Villarsky placed it over Pierre's eyes and tied it in a knot from behind, painfully catching his hair in the knot. Then he bent him towards him, kissed him and, taking him by the hand, led him somewhere. Pierre was in pain from the hair being pulled in by the knot; he winced in pain and smiled from shame for something. His huge figure with his arms hanging down, with a wrinkled and smiling face, moved with uncertain timid steps behind Villarsky.
After walking him ten steps, Villarsky stopped.
“No matter what happens to you,” he said, “you must endure everything with courage if you firmly decide to join our brotherhood.” (Pierre answered in the affirmative by bowing his head.) When you hear a knock on the door, you will untie your eyes,” Villarsky added; – I wish you courage and success. And, shaking Pierre’s hand, Villarsky left.
Left alone, Pierre continued to smile the same way. Once or twice he shrugged his shoulders, raised his hand to the handkerchief, as if wanting to take it off, and lowered it again. The five minutes he spent with his eyes tied seemed like an hour. His hands were swollen, his legs were giving way; he thought he was tired. He experienced the most complex and varied feelings. He was afraid of what would happen to him, and even more afraid of not showing fear. He was curious to know what would happen to him, what would be revealed to him; but most of all he was joyful that the moment had come when he would finally embark on that path of renewal and actively virtuous life, which he had dreamed of since his meeting with Osip Alekseevich. Strong knocks were heard on the door. Pierre took off the bandage and looked around him. The room was black and dark: only in one place was a lamp burning, in something white. Pierre came closer and saw that the lamp stood on a black table, on which lay one open book. The book was the Gospel; that white thing in which the lamp was burning was a human skull with its holes and teeth. Having read the first words of the Gospel: “In the beginning was the word and the word was to God,” Pierre walked around the table and saw a large open box filled with something. It was a coffin with bones. He was not at all surprised by what he saw. Hoping to enter into a completely new life, completely different from the previous one, he expected everything extraordinary, even more extraordinary than what he saw. The skull, the coffin, the Gospel - it seemed to him that he expected all this, expected even more. Trying to evoke a feeling of tenderness in himself, he looked around him. “God, death, love, brotherhood of people,” he said to himself, associating with these words vague but joyful ideas of something. The door opened and someone entered.
In the dim light, which Pierre had already managed to take a closer look at, a short man entered. Apparently entering the darkness from the light, this man stopped; then, with careful steps, he moved towards the table and placed his small hands, covered with leather gloves, on it.
This short man was dressed in a white leather apron that covered his chest and part of his legs, he had something like a necklace on his neck, and from behind the necklace protruded a tall, white frill that framed his elongated face, lit from below.
– Why did you come here? - asked the newcomer, following the rustle made by Pierre, turning in his direction. - Why do you, who do not believe in the truths of the light and do not see the light, why did you come here, what do you want from us? Wisdom, virtue, enlightenment?
At that moment the door opened and an unknown man entered, Pierre experienced a feeling of fear and reverence, similar to the one he experienced in confession as a child: he felt face to face with a complete stranger in terms of living conditions and with someone close to him, in the brotherhood of people, person. Pierre, with a breathless heartbeat, moved towards the rhetorician (that was the name in Freemasonry for the brother who prepares the seeker for entry into the brotherhood). Pierre, coming closer, recognized in the rhetorician a familiar person, Smolyaninov, but it was insulting to him to think that the person who entered was a familiar person: the person who entered was only a brother and a virtuous mentor. Pierre could not utter the words for a long time, so the rhetorician had to repeat his question.
“Yes, I... I... want an update,” Pierre said with difficulty.
“Okay,” said Smolyaninov, and immediately continued: “Do you have any idea about the means by which our holy order will help you achieve your goal?...” said the rhetorician calmly and quickly.
“I... hope... guidance... help... in renewal,” said Pierre with a trembling voice and difficulty in speaking, arising both from excitement and from the unfamiliarity of speaking in Russian about abstract subjects.
– What concept do you have about Freemasonry?
– I mean that Frank Freemasonry is a fraterienité [brotherhood]; and the equality of people with virtuous goals,” said Pierre, ashamed as he spoke of the inconsistency of his words with the solemnity of the moment. I mean…
“Okay,” the rhetorician said hastily, apparently quite satisfied with this answer. – Have you been looking for means to achieve your goal in religion?
“No, I considered it unfair and did not follow it,” Pierre said so quietly that the rhetorician did not hear him and asked what he was saying. “I was an atheist,” answered Pierre.
– You are looking for truth in order to follow its laws in life; therefore, you are seeking wisdom and virtue, are you not? - said the rhetorician after a minute of silence.
“Yes, yes,” Pierre confirmed.
The rhetorician cleared his throat, folded his gloved hands on his chest and began to speak:
“Now I must reveal to you the main goal of our order,” he said, “and if this goal coincides with yours, then you will benefit from joining our brotherhood.” The first most important goal and overall foundation of our order, on which it is established, and which no human power can overthrow, is the preservation and transmission to posterity of some important sacrament... from the most ancient centuries and even from the first man who came down to us, from whom the sacraments can perhaps, the fate of the human race depends. But since this sacrament is of such a nature that no one can know it or use it unless one has prepared oneself through long-term and diligent purification, not everyone can hope to find it soon. Therefore, we have a second goal, which is to prepare our members as much as possible, correct their hearts, purify and enlighten their minds with those means that have been revealed to us by tradition from men who have labored in seeking this sacrament, and thereby make them capable of the perception of it. By purifying and correcting our members, we try, thirdly, to correct the entire human race, offering it in our members an example of piety and virtue, and thereby trying with all our might to resist the evil that reigns in the world. Think about this, and I will come to you again,” he said and left the room.
“To resist the evil that reigns in the world...” Pierre repeated, and he imagined his future activities in this field. He imagined the same people as he himself was two weeks ago, and he mentally addressed them with an instructive and mentoring speech. He imagined vicious and unhappy people whom he helped in word and deed; imagined the oppressors from whom he saved their victims. Of the three goals named by the rhetorician, this last one - the correction of the human race - was especially close to Pierre. Some important sacrament mentioned by the rhetorician, although it incited his curiosity, did not seem significant to him; and the second goal, cleansing and correcting himself, occupied him little, because at that moment he felt with pleasure that he was already completely corrected from his previous vices and ready for only one good thing.
Half an hour later, the rhetorician returned to convey to the seeker those seven virtues corresponding to the seven steps of the Temple of Solomon, which every Mason had to cultivate in himself. These virtues were: 1) modesty, respect for the secrets of the order, 2) obedience to the highest ranks of the order, 3) good morals, 4) love of humanity, 5) courage, 6) generosity and 7) love of death.
“Seventhly, try,” said the rhetorician, “by frequently thinking about death to bring yourself to the point that it no longer seems to you a terrible enemy, but a friend... who frees the languishing soul from this miserable life in the works of virtue, to introduce it to a place of reward and reassurance.
“Yes, this must be so,” thought Pierre, when after these words the rhetorician left him again, leaving him to solitary reflection. “This should be so, but I am still so weak that I love my life, the meaning of which is only now gradually revealed to me.” But the other five virtues, which Pierre remembered as he ran through his fingers, he felt in his soul: courage, generosity, kindness, love for humanity, and especially obedience, which did not even seem to him a virtue, but happiness. (He was so happy now to get rid of his arbitrariness and subordinate his will to those and those who knew the undoubted truth.) Pierre forgot the seventh virtue and could not remember it.
The third time, the rhetorician returned quickly and asked Pierre if he was still firm in his intention, and whether he dared to subject himself to everything that was required of him.
“I’m ready for anything,” said Pierre.
“I must also tell you,” said the rhetorician, “that our order teaches its teaching not only in words, but by other means, which, perhaps, have a stronger effect on the true seeker of wisdom and virtue than verbal explanations alone.” This temple, with its decoration, which you see, should have already explained to your heart, if it is sincere, more than words; You will see, perhaps, with your further acceptance, a similar image of explanation. Our Order imitates ancient societies that revealed their teachings in hieroglyphs. A hieroglyph, said the rhetorician, is the name of some thing not subject to feelings, which contains qualities similar to the one depicted.
Pierre knew very well what a hieroglyph was, but did not dare to speak. He listened silently to the rhetorician, feeling from everything that the tests would begin immediately.
“If you are firm, then I must begin to introduce you,” said the rhetorician, approaching Pierre closer. “As a sign of generosity, I ask you to give me all your precious things.”
“But I have nothing with me,” said Pierre, who believed that they were demanding that he give up everything he had.
– What you have on: watches, money, rings...
Pierre hastily took out his wallet and watch, and for a long time could not remove the wedding ring from his fat finger. When this was done, the Mason said:
– As a sign of obedience, I ask you to undress. - Pierre took off his tailcoat, vest and left boot as directed by the rhetorician. The Mason opened the shirt on his left chest, and, bending down, lifted his trouser leg on his left leg above the knee. Pierre hastily wanted to take off his right boot and roll up his trousers in order to save a stranger from this labor, but the Mason told him that this was not necessary - and handed him a shoe on his left foot. With a childish smile of modesty, doubt and self-mockery, which appeared on his face against his will, Pierre stood with his arms down and legs apart in front of his brother the rhetorician, awaiting his new orders.
“And finally, as a sign of sincerity, I ask you to reveal to me your main passion,” he said.
- My passion! I had so many,” Pierre said.
“That passion which, more than any other, made you hesitate on the path of virtue,” said the Mason.
Pierre paused, searching.
"Wine? Consolidation? Idleness? Laziness? Hotness? Anger? Women?" He went over his vices, mentally weighing them and not knowing which one to give priority to.