Natural fabrics are divided into. Assortment of woolen fabrics

The modern market offers a huge amount of clothing made from a wide variety of fabrics. Each fabric is good in its own way, but it can also have not only pluses, but also minuses. At first glance, it is impossible to figure out to what extent a thing is practical. In order to understand this, you need to carefully consider what and how the thing is sewn and have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe properties of various types of fabrics.

Fabric properties

The basis of any fabric is fibers, which differ in their structure, composition and properties. The properties of the fabric directly depend on the properties of the fibers that make up the material. All types of fabrics are divided into two types: natural and artificial fabrics. In turn, each type of fabric has a huge number of its types, which are divided depending on what this fabric is for.

Natural fabrics

Natural fabrics there are vegetable origin - cotton, hemp, linen and animal - wool and natural silk. They differ, first of all, in that they are not only pleasant to the body, but also very useful. Natural fabrics retain the warmth of the human body in winter and cool the body in summer. The disadvantage of using clothes made from natural fabrics is that they are not very practical to use: they quickly wrinkle, shrink after washing and soon lose their color. It is also worth noting that the price of natural fabrics is relatively high.

Cotton

The most common natural fabrics are those based on the cotton plant. Such fabrics as chintz, chiffon, calico, satin and even denim (jeans) are created from it. For very delicate skin, there is such a cotton fabric as a footer. It is most often used to make clothes for babies whose skin requires special care.

Linen

Considering what fabrics are, you should not forget about flax. Linen is stiffer, with small knots often visible in its structure, and is also one of the least elastic fabrics. The advantages are that flax absorbs moisture very well, including sweat, has high wear resistance and practically does not get dirty. Also flax goes well with various fabrics... This is what attracts many buyers of flax clothing.

Silk

Silk fabric is obtained using threads from the cocoons of the silkworm insect caterpillars. Silk thread is distinguished by its high strength and elasticity - often diametrically opposite qualities that make silk products unique and very expensive. Silk requires careful treatment, and it is better not to expose silk garments to the sun. After all, this is how a silk product very quickly loses its color (fade). There are many types of silk in the world - Lebanese, Chinese, Indian, and fabrics such as satin, crepe de Chine, chiffon and many others are made on the basis of silk.

Wool

Wool is a material that is obtained from animal hair. Wool products are distinguished by their excellent heat retention, so the main range of clothes made from this fabric is for cold seasons. Also, wool perfectly absorbs moisture, is elastic and almost does not wrinkle. The most widely used wool is llama, angora, alpaca, and camel and dog hair is even considered medicinal.

Chemically produced fabrics

Looking through the catalogs what types of fabrics are, it is necessary to pay attention to artificial and synthetic fabrics. In the manufacture of these types of matter, science is very closely involved, to a greater extent - chemistry. For the first time, the chemical production of fabrics was organized in France in 1890.

Synthetic fabrics, first of all, are distinguished by their low cost, as well as strength and resistance to damage. The most widely used are polyamide, polyester, nylon and nylon. To give the product elasticity, a chemical fiber such as lycra, or in other words, elastane, spandex, is used. The new generation fabric today is fleece, created in an American laboratory in 1979, which is also called synthetic wool. This fabric is very popular today in cold seasons, because perfectly retains heat, and fleece products are not only practical, but also look good.

Combined fabrics

Combined fabrics are relevant today, in the manufacture of which both various natural fibers and fibers are combined, created by chemical means. An example of what kind of fabrics made from combined materials are satin (a material created with silk and polyester), velor (a combination of cotton, silk and wool), velvet, velvet.

Natural fabrics can be of plant or animal origin. Plant tissues include tissues obtained from fibers of various plants. The most common are: flax, cotton, hemp, jute, nettle.

Linen fabric

It is made from the fibers of a plant called flax. Linen fabric is moisture and air permeable, heat conductive, resistant to dirt and washable well, has a pleasant shine, does not cause allergies. Summer clothes are sewn from flax, which, due to the properties of the fabric, is pleasant to the body in hot weather, the body breathes in it. The clothes are durable, but they wrinkle very much and can shrink if washed incorrectly.

Before you start sewing from linen, it must be moistened with water, dried thoroughly and steamed. It is necessary to sew from completely dried fabric. If this precaution is neglected, the garment may shrink during subsequent washing and become one size smaller. Linen fabric is unsuitable for sewing things with a complex cut, folds: the fabric wrinkles strongly and the folds will constantly deform, the clothes will take on a sloppy look.

Linen fibers are very strong, but tough and poorly woven together. Therefore, the production of flax is more expensive than the production of cotton. This also affects the price of the final products. But flax is well dyed and mixes with other fibers, including synthetic ones. With the addition of lavsan, linen shrinks less and is easier to wash, but it becomes more difficult to iron it. When cotton is added, the fabric becomes softer and lighter, the surface acquires a matte sheen.

Linen fabric is used to sew not only clothes, but also various household and decorative items. For example, bed linen, curtains, pillows, sturdy bags, mattress covers, seats for folding chairs and sun loungers. Art canvases are also made from flax.

Cotton fabric

It is made from cotton, by combing and spinning the fibers contained in the capsules of the plant. Cotton fiber contains a lot of cellulose, a natural polymer. Thanks to cellulose, cotton fabric has its own characteristic properties. Cotton is strong enough, absorbs moisture well, without becoming wet to the touch, but it is less breathable than linen. Gets dirty quickly, but can be removed very well. Cotton fabric can shrink and take a long time to dry.

When sewing from cotton fabrics, shrinkage must be taken into account: wash and dry the fabric in advance, before cutting out the parts.

Cotton is often blended with other fibers, synthetic or natural. This gives the cotton fabric other qualities and enhances its properties. Mercerized cotton is much better suited for summer wear than pure cotton. Such clothes will allow air to pass through and will not warm. Pure cotton clothing can be very hot.

Cotton fabrics are different: they are thin, for example, batiste; medium density, for example, satin, calico, chintz, flannel, cloth; and very tight, such as jeans.

What is sewn from it depends on the type of fabric. This can be adult and children's clothing, bedding, pillows, mattress toppers, curtains, etc.

Hemp fabric

Made from hemp fibers. Since ancient times, people have actively used the fabrics obtained from this plant in everyday life, including sewing clothes from them. At that time, hemp fibers required complex processing, the process took a lot of time and effort. Now technology has become more advanced, and besides, people have brought out cannabis that does not contain narcotic substances.

The fabric and hemp are incredibly durable, wear-resistant clothing. It is considered medicinal, antiseptic, does not cause irritation or allergies. The body in hemp clothes breathes, keeps it warm in winter, cool in summer. When growing hemp, pesticides and other substances harmful to health are not used. hemp does not require any special care. The fibers are environmentally friendly. The fabric is also not exposed to chemical treatment. So hemp fabric can be called one of the most natural fabrics.

Hemp fabric tolerates frequent wear and washing. Doesn't sit like others. It dyes well and therefore does not fade.

Jute fabric

Made from jute fiber. A very durable fabric used mainly for household use. Jute absorbs moisture well, but at the same time does not let it through for a long time. Therefore, jute fabric is often used as packaging for other expensive fabrics, for sugar, cement, etc. Jute fabric is used for packaging bags, upholstery, gift wrapping or designer accessories. Most often, jute fabric is called "burlap".

Nettle cloth

Received from both non-stinging nettle "Rami", and from ordinary. Nettle, along with flax and hemp, is one of the most ancient plants that humans learned to process to make yarn. However, the production of natural fabric from nettle is the lot of small private factories. On an industrial scale, nettle is not processed, replacing it with cotton and flax.

Nettle fabric turns out to be soft, light, but at the same time durable. Clothes made of nettle fabric keep warm in winter and cool in summer, have antiseptic, allergenic properties. Items made from nettle fabric do not shrink, wash or stretch.

Nettle fabric and yarn are used to make clothes, accessories, and bedding.

There are other fabrics obtained from natural plants. For example, bamboo fabric, soy. But they cannot be obtained without the use of biochemical substances, so they cannot be called 100% natural. Rather, according to the method of production, these fabrics should be attributed to viscose. Many people mistakenly consider viscose natural material... But, this is a synthetic fabric, despite the fact that it is obtained from pine wood. Natural fabrics - fabrics that can be obtained without being connected to the production process of the chemical industry. However, traditionally, it is allowed to add synthetic fibers to them to change and improve the properties.

Textile materials that surround a person - clothes, bedding, curtains, curtains, furniture upholstery and much, much more - should not only have attractive colors and original cut. It is very important that all these things are convenient, comfortable, hygienic and, most importantly, do not harm the body. Natural biologically pure fabrics fully possess these properties.

Classification of natural materials

Made from fibers created by nature itself, natural fabrics are extremely environmentally friendly and safe. By origin, they are divided into three main groups:

Vegetable - cotton, flax, hemp.
Animals - silk, wool.
Mineral - spine, asbestos.

Each kind of material is made of natural, not chemical fibers certain properties are inherent - both positive and negative. Let's dwell on them in more detail.

India is considered the birthplace of cotton, and the excavations of archaeologists allow us to date the beginning of cultivation of this culture in the XXX century BC. “Cloth woven from the air” - this is the description given to cotton linen by ancient chronicles.

The first rolls of cotton, brought to Europe in the Middle Ages, were literally worth their weight in gold. Only the wealthiest and noblest citizens could wear clothes made of these fabrics.

The assortment of cotton cloths offered by the modern textile industry numbers more than one hundred items. The undoubted advantages of such materials include the following:

hygroscopicity. Cotton fibers can absorb up to 40% moisture while remaining dry. Therefore, fabrics are often used for sewing summer clothes, bedding, bath towels and bathrobes;
strength. The material has sufficient strength and resistance to mechanical damage. True, under the influence of high temperatures or ultraviolet radiation, it decreases noticeably;
aeration. One of the main advantages of the material. Fabrics made of cotton "breathe" without creating a greenhouse effect on the skin surface;
ease. Most of the cotton fabrics have a thin structure, so clothes made of them are practically weightless;
hypoallergenic. The fibers do not contain substances harmful to the human body and do not cause skin irritation or other diseases. Cotton clothes can be safely worn by a child from the first minutes of birth, since they are absolutely safe;
ease of care. Fabrics are easy to wash by hand or in a typewriter, dry quickly and smooth out remarkably. They are resistant to various chemicals, including chlorine.

Cloths made of cotton are convenient to process: they do not slip, crumble little and have good thermoplasticity, that is, they "remember" their shape when ironing. But unfortunately, not all of their properties can be considered positive. The list includes the following:

high crease. After a few hours of socks, folds and creases appear on the clothes, which spoil the appearance;
lack of dimensional stability. All cotton fabrics shrink strongly when wet heat treated;
loss of color. Over time, the paints on the material fade, especially after being in the bright sun;
wear and tear. Clothes and other cotton items have a short lifespan, they quickly lose their attractiveness.

The low price of products can compensate for these shortcomings. As one thing fails, you can freely buy a new one without damaging your wallet.

It's important to know! Get rid of the inherent disadvantages cotton materials, it is possible if you introduce a small amount of artificial or synthetic fibers. Viscose, polyester, elastane or nylon will make fabrics stronger and more durable without detracting from their natural properties.

List of the most common cotton fabrics

There are several classifications of cotton fabrics: by the type of weave, the way of finishing, seasonality, etc. Here is a small list of fabrics, depending on their purpose:

Linen: cambric, chiffon, madapolam, calico, rosin, interlock, cooler, nansuk.
Shirts and dresses: chintz, flannel, bike, satin, tartan.
Suit and coat: denim, raincoat fabric, cloth, gabardine.
Furniture and upholstery: velvet, corduroy, plush, jacquard.
Bed linen: coarse calico, satin, poplin, percale, teak.
Curtains: cambric, guipure, muslin.
Towels: terry, waffle fabric.
Special: gauze, moleskin, tarpaulin.

It should be mentioned that the same material can be used both for sewing summer dresses and as a lining or bed linen... It all depends on its strength, thickness, degree of staining, patterns and decorative finishes.

Like cotton, linen fabric came to us from time immemorial. Roman patricians wore linen togas, chitons and cloaks made of this material were worn by orators Ancient Greece... Even on the mummies of the pharaohs, who lived more than 10 thousand years ago, they find the remains of linen fabrics.

It is noteworthy that the Slavic peoples called the linen fabric from flax, because all their clothes were sewn only from it. Such shirts, sundresses, caftans and trousers were highly durable and were worn for more than one year.

Flax is grown and processed in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. The uniqueness of this material is such that it can be used to make thin translucent cambric and rough canvas or tarpaulin. Linen fabrics have the most valuable properties:

breathability. A person wearing linen clothes will never sweat;
thermal comfort. Even in the summer heat, in a linen shirt, the body temperature will be 2 - 3 degrees lower;
hygroscopicity. The fabric not only absorbs excess moisture, but also perfectly evaporates it, remaining completely dry;
strength. Of all natural fibers, linen has the greatest strength and abrasion resistance;
resistance to pollution. The material does not accumulate dust in itself and is easy to clean and wash;
Dielectric qualities. Even an insignificant, less than 10%, presence of flax fiber in the product prevents the appearance of static electricity charges in it;
wear resistance. The fabric does not lose its attractiveness for a long time;
safety. Linen products do not emit toxins and do not provoke allergies and other diseases.

An important fact! Flax is a natural antiseptic. It has been noticed that a wound covered with linen canvas heals several times faster. It is not for nothing that flax threads are used as suture material in surgical operations.

The biggest disadvantage of these fabrics is their high wrinkle properties when worn. Although they can be ironed even with a very hot iron, it takes too long to iron out any creases.

Therefore, textile enterprises, along with clean linen, produce blended fabrics with the addition of a small amount of cotton or synthetic fibers. Such materials do not wrinkle and lend themselves well to drapery, forming beautiful, evenly falling folds. The most popular combinations are flax and nylon, flax with lavsan and flax with nitron.

Types of linen fabrics

By the type of finish, linen materials can be harsh, having a natural gray-yellowish color, bleached, dyed or multicolored. They are obtained using twill, linen, small-patterned and other weaves.

In addition, linen can be divided according to purpose. Most often, the following groups are distinguished:

Dress and suit. Sundresses, trousers, shirts, skirts and other products are sewn from them.
Bed linen. Sheets, duvet covers, pillowcases, bedclothes.
Canteens. Tablecloths, napkins, towels.
Technical. Bags, canvas, ropes, ropes, tarpaulin, bead.

Linen fabrics are quite capricious in sewing. Lightweight canvases are able to slide off the cutting table, and dense ones are difficult to cut with scissors. Both those and others crumble heavily and give significant shrinkage during wet heat treatment. Therefore, before taking linen fabric for sewing, it must be decated - moistened and dried.

People learned to grow hemp and make fabric out of it in ancient times. Even then, they appreciated the high strength that products from this plant have, and other, equally important qualities:

hygroscopicity. The canvas can absorb moisture up to five times its own weight;
maintaining heat exchange. Clothes made of hemp fabric are cozy both in winter frosts and in summer heat;
safety. The material not only does not cause skin irritation and allergies, but itself is capable of destroying many microbes and bacteria that are dangerous to humans;
uV resistance. Hemp blocks radiation harmful to the body by more than 90%;
durability. Connoisseurs say that things made from hemp fabric are more likely to annoy than become unusable.

An important fact! At the beginning of the twentieth century, the world famous LEVI'S company, having become interested in unique properties hemp, established the production of jeans from this fabric. However, the fight against drugs that began did not allow the idea to spread.

Currently, the production of hemp linen from drug-free plant species has been re-started. Hemp fabric (the name comes from the English word "hemp" - hemp) is very popular among adherents of a healthy lifestyle.

Several millennia ago, China first learned to unwind the finest fibers from silkworm cocoons. The fabric that was obtained from these threads was light, thin, with a shiny iridescent surface. According to the law issued by the emperor, it was strictly forbidden to export silk from the country, and the death penalty was threatened for disclosing the secrets of manufacturing.

However, already in the 17th century, ubiquitous merchants began to secretly and then openly deliver scrolls of silk cloths to Europe. Thus began the triumphant march of the most beautiful fabric around the world.

Already in the twentieth century after the chemical revolution and the discovery synthetic materials began to produce artificial silk from acetate fiber. The fabric is definitely very attractive, with a smooth shiny surface. But, alas, it will not repeat the properties of real natural silk. After all, natural material boasts many unique qualities:

aeration capacity. The fabric is so breathable that the skin simply does not feel the touch of clothing;
absolute moisture absorption and evaporation of sweat;
thermoregulation. Already 10-15 minutes after putting on silk clothing acquires the temperature of the human body;
hygiene. The fabric prevents the growth of microbes and pathogenic bacteria;
wear resistance. With proper care, silk products can last over 10 years.

If we talk about the shortcomings of silk, then the main thing is its high cost. In addition, it is not out of place to mention the following properties:

wrinkle. It is better not to sit in a silk dress, since folds and creases immediately form on the fabric;
instability to ultraviolet light. Under the influence of bright sunlight, the fibers can be destroyed, and the fabric "spreads out";
the formation of streaks when liquids come into contact with matter;
difficulties in cutting and sewing, requiring certain skills;
special delicate care that natural silk needs: handwash using special means, drying away from the sun and heat appliances, ironing at low temperatures.

As with other natural materials, silk imperfections are removed by adding synthetic or artificial fibers. Most often, this role is played by viscose or polyester. If it is required that the canvas becomes more stretchable and tight-fitting, then a small percentage of Lycra is introduced.

Types and applications of silk fabrics

The range of silk fabrics in comparison with cotton or wool is not so great. They can be sorted according to their purpose into the following groups:

Dress and blouse. Crepe de Chine, crepe georgette, crepe chiffon, satin, cambric, brocade.
Portieres. Jacquard, tapestry, velvet, pontage, taffeta.
Curtain. Organza, foulard, gas, excelsior.
Lining. Toile, charmeuse.

Interesting fact! Doctors say that natural silk fibers contain amino acids that have a beneficial effect on the work of the gastrointestinal tract and improve blood circulation. This means that sleeping on silk sheets is not only pleasant, but also very useful.

Wool is perhaps the oldest of all natural materials. This is evidenced by rock paintings of the Neolithic era, found in caves in the territory of modern Switzerland. They depict the process of making woolen fabrics using primitive devices.

Cloths are produced from the hair of various animals: sheep, goats, rabbits, camels and llamas. The main property of fabrics is a high degree of heat retention, therefore they are used for making outerwear, as well as sweaters, jackets, hats, scarves, rugs, blankets and other products. In addition, woolen fabrics have other, no less important qualities:

high elasticity. Clothes, deforming in the process of wearing, easily return to their original appearance after removal;
breathability. This property is more inherent in knitwear and light dress fabrics;
hygroscopicity. In all types of woolen fabrics, it manifests itself in different ways. Some, such as gabardine, are completely incapable of absorbing moisture;
wear resistance. Wool itself in most cases does not have sufficient strength, but the addition of a certain amount of synthetics immediately makes the fabric much stronger;
functionality. Almost all woolen fabrics are easy to cut and sew. They do not crumble, do not slip and easily drape, allowing you to embody any ideas;
safety. Like other natural materials, wool is not a source of allergies or other diseases.

Many are attracted by the fact that wool fabrics do not accumulate dust and are resistant to dirt. In addition, they have the ability to weather odors, which is especially pleasing to smokers.

As for the shortcomings, here, as in the case of silk, monetary issues come to the fore: products made from certain types of raw materials, for example, cashmere or alpaca, are very expensive. It should also not be forgotten that woolen items are afraid of moths and need to be stored properly so that they last as long as possible.

Assortment of woolen fabrics

Animal wool materials are used not only for sewing clothes, but also for the manufacture of many other products. Let's consider their use on the example of some well-known fabrics.

Cashmere - elegant coats, jackets, scarves and stoles.
Flannel - children's clothing, pajamas, bathrobes.
Gabardine - jackets, raincoats, backpacks, bags, suitcases.
Velor - jackets, suits, upholstery, curtains.
Tweed - suits for men and women.
Bike - demi-season coats, blankets.
Reps - uniforms.
Tartan - skirts, dresses, curtains.
Felt - hats, shoes, decorative items.
Plush - children's toys, furniture covers.

It's important to know! It is preferable to wash woolen items by hand, using liquid products rather than powder. You need to iron them only through a cotton towel, setting the iron regulator to the lowest temperature.

Mineral tissue

Materials in this group are obtained by processing rocks containing large amounts of calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminum. Such fabrics are used in the production of heat-resistant technical products: conveyor belts, vapor barrier coatings, etc.

Since mineral fibers have fire-resistant properties, they are added to fabrics from which overalls for firefighters and workers of metallurgical enterprises are sewn. But it is not recommended to wear such products for a long time, since asbestos canvases are capable of emitting substances harmful to the body.

Now more and more consumers prefer to buy only natural fabrics. Made from organic raw materials, they are filled with life-giving energy of nature itself, which is generously shared with people.

For professional development in the fashion industry and the creation of clothing, it is necessary to take into account and know what kind of fabrics, types of fabrics are, and you also need to know what the width of fabrics is in order to correctly calculate how many fabrics will be needed per product.

Fabrics are made from natural or man-made fibers, which are often blended to bind together best qualities... For example, polyester is just as comfortable as cotton, but it wrinkles much less and is warm wool coat perfectly complemented by the practical properties of nylon.

What are natural fabrics

Natural fabrics include silk, satin, cotton fabric, linen, chintz, viscose, crepe de Chine, crepe, crepe georgette, corduroy, velvet, woolen and semi-woolen fabrics, gauze, denim, cotton, teak, percale, nansuc, pique, poplin, veil, itch, taffeta, satin, brocade.

When working with natural fabrics, you must take into account their shrinkage properties. In order that in the future, after washing, the clothes do not “sit down” too much, it is imperative to process natural fabrics carefully. For example, silk, woolen and other thin satin fabrics should be soaked in warm water. Flax - hot, but not boiling water of course. The water temperature should be such that it is planned to wash the product in the future.

Those fabrics that can be treated with hot steam (cotton, linen) can be treated with a hot iron or steam generator. Carefully. Giving the fabric the opportunity to "sit down" and at the same time do not overexpose the iron, so that the fabric does not spoil.

Carefully follow the rules of fabric care, so as not to spoil it.

Also, when cutting, it should be taken into account whether there is a drawing, a cage, a strip on the fabric. Accordingly, it is advisable to calculate the length of the fabric in advance before buying and cutting.

Woolen and woolen type

Twill, tweed, boston, broadcloth, chevion, duvetine. Teacher to distinguish between woolen and combed worsted fabrics.

Woolen fabrics are made of fluffy, rather thick yarn with a felt-like surface and a subtle weave pattern. Tweed is a typical cloth-like fabric.

Combed fabrics are made from smooth, stiff and relatively fine yarns. The surface of such a fabric is smooth, elastic and with a clearly distinguishable weave of threads. A typical representative of combed fabrics is gabardine. It is better not to wash the combed fabrics, but to dry-clean them (also with silk). However, some woolen fabrics are quite suitable for very delicate washing and they are washed much more carefully and delicately than cotton, using special detergents for washing these types of fabrics.

Wool fiber is easily destroyed by moisture and high temperature (wool can collapse and shrink many, many centimeters), and dyes for wool are less durable than for cotton fabrics.

Fleecy fabrics

Fuzzy fabrics include: velvet, corduroy, plisse, bike, flannel, duvetine, cheviot.

All fleecy fabrics, all types of velvet materials, from cotton to velvet fabrics such as chenille and pile knitwear, have one thing in common: the surface pile that covers them makes them sensitive to certain types of processing and therefore requires special handling. This applies to ironing, ironing and wet processing, including washing.

Elastic fabrics

Elastic types of fabrics contain sufficiently elastic threads, such as lycra. After stretching, the material is restored to its original state and returns to its elastic form, that is, this indicates that the fabric has elasticity. Stretchable fabrics such as knitwear, jersey and panne velvet, fabrics that have a seamy side that resembles knitwear, are resilient thanks to the more stretch modern yarns and also thanks to lycra. Elastic fabrics are suitable for sewing any garment that should sit on the body completely enclosing it, as if it were "poured" and at the same time ready-made clothes should not interfere with free movement.

Lycra woven fabrics become sufficiently elastic in one or both directions. They are not suitable for sewing overalls, swimwear, leggings and similar types of clothing, but thanks to such fabrics, they make tight-fitting tight clothing comfortable to wear and when moving.

Models designed for elastic fabrics, it is necessary to sew them, they will be narrow, since the patterns of the models take into account the elasticity of these types of fabrics.

Pay attention to which direction the fabric is stretching!

What is the width of the fabric

Cotton fabrics, as a rule, have a width of 75-100 cm. The wider the fabric, the more expensive it is, but the patterns can be laid out more economically.

The width of silk, linen, synthetic fabrics ranges from 90 to 150 cm in width, taking into account the edge.

Woolen and semi-woolen, synthetic fabrics and with the addition of lavsan are 140-145cm wide.

Fabrics imported from abroad, where hand-weaving is still used today, are generally 80cm wide.

Knitted fabrics have a width of 90 to 180cm. It is necessary to take into account in such fabrics when cutting and the percentage of extensibility.