Psychophysiology of painting: why the paintings of the impressionists awaken emotions in us. The influence of the painting on the emotional mood of a person Paintings with the emotions of people by famous artists

Psychophysiology of painting:
why impressionist paintings evoke emotions in us

Text: Maria Smirnova / Illustration: Pierre Auguste Renoir

In the mass consciousness, the scientific - or rationalistic - type of thinking is usually opposed to the creative one. In fact, science and art are much more closely related than it seems at first glance. For example, the effect that the work of impressionist artists has on a person can be explained not only in art history terms, but also in the context of the main categories of systemic psychophysiology. How to do this, told T&P Yuri Aleksandrov, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Psychophysiology named after V.B. Shvyrkov Institute of Psychology RAS.

"The artist depicted us // Deep faint of lilac // And sonorous steps of colors // He put on the canvas like scabs // He understood the thickness of the oil, - // His baked summer // Warmed up with a purple brain, // Expanded into stuffiness" - this is how he described the creative method of impressionism in 1932, Osip Mandelstam, in the very first couplet of a poem dedicated to Claude Monet's painting "Lilac in the Sun", remarked extremely accurately how the painting of the Impressionists differs from the painting of their predecessors. The impressionist artist not only depicts a lilac branch, but seeks to convey the impression it makes on him.

One of the key tasks of impressionism was the departure from the detailed photographic nature of realism. It was assumed that by eliminating photographicity, painters would be able to bring into the picture the experience, the subjectivity of reflection. Not to add from scratch, of course, but add. Photographing is also partly subjective: the photographer decides where to point the lens, what moment to capture.

Claude Monet. "Lilac in the sun"

Looking at the paintings of the Impressionists, one involuntarily asks the question: how did the artists manage to put so much emotion into their works? Although, perhaps, it would be more accurate to ask what exactly happens to a person and his inner, subjective world when he looks at the canvases of Monet, Renoir, Degas? How did the Impressionists manage to display their emotions so vividly that they are effectively transmitted to the observer? What happens in the subjective world of the observer when meeting with impressionist painting? To answer these questions, you need to understand how the subjective world works, and for this - to find out how it is formed and what place emotions occupy in it.

“Our subjective world is formed through interactions with the external environment,” says Yuri Iosifovich. - These interactions begin in the womb and continue throughout life. The traces of such interactions, stored in memory, are the systems formed in the process, or elements of the subjective world - the models of the relationship between the individual and the environment. If a person needs to repeat an interaction, the corresponding model is activated, that is, it is retrieved from memory. The newly formed models do not replace those formed earlier, at the previous stages of life, but are added to them. Thus, the memory of an individual can be compared to geological layers. One of the most famous Russian psychologists, Lev Vygotsky, considered the idea that the structure of behavior, in some respects, reminiscent of the geological structure of the earth's crust, was extremely fruitful. Memory can also be compared to the annual rings of a tree, only each ring here is not a trace of the past year, but of new learning. The more we learn, the more rings we have in our memory.

The memory of the earliest interactions is preserved throughout life and affects the behavior, feelings of the individual, and his decision-making. At the same time, he often cannot express in words, or, as experts say, “declare” the presence of memory material, tell himself or others about that episode of his life before birth or in early childhood, thanks to which this model system appeared. Apparently, this impossibility belongs to a completely normal phenomenon, which is called "infantile amnesia" - forgetting the events of childhood. "

Edgar Degas. "Rehearsal", 1873

However, there are exceptions: some people can recall memories of the earliest events in their lives. The famous work of the founder of Russian neuropsychology, Alexander Luria, "A Little Book of Great Memory" describes the case of Solomon Shereshevsky, the owner of a phenomenal memory, a professional mnemonist. Shereshevsky recalls: “I perceived my mother as follows: before I began to recognize her,“ this is good. ” There is no form, no face, there is something that bends down and from which it will be good ...<…> - this is a cloud, then a pleasant ... "

And here is how Andrei Bely reproduces his early feelings that are a little over two years old in his book At the Turn of Two Centuries: “Imagine your consciousness<…> somewhat relaxed<…>but not extinct at all; I<…> I experience the objective reality of the room<…> like a fish living in an aquarium in a room; Imagine this fish as a child who is conscious of himself, and you will understand that reality is presented to him as through the depth of water. " Thus, in the early stages of development, the world is perceived by a person not in details, but vaguely, vaguely, emotionally.

“The fact is that the formation of new systems in the process of individual development allows us to relate more and more differentiatedly to the environment, to build our behavior taking into account more and more details,” explains Yuri Iosifovich. - For example, being in the womb, the fetus provides the flow of maternal blood and, therefore, nutrients and oxygen to the placenta, making a variety of movements. After birth, for the same general "metabolic" goal, it becomes necessary to perform specialized movements: breathing in order to receive oxygen, sucking movements, grasping the nipple of the mother's breast (or nipple) in order to receive food. Then it turns out that, in addition to milk, you can get, for example, juice from a spoon, and for this you need to make drinking movements, gripping the spoon with your mouth. Then it turns out that you can eat solid food that you need to chew. You can also eat from a cup or plate. With the help of different devices, different food, making different types of movements and focusing on the different properties of this food, determined visually, smelling, tactilely, according to taste. Subsequently, a person discovers that food can be obtained not only at home, but also at school, in a cafe, on the street, at a party, and receiving it includes a number of specific preparatory actions and taking into account many factors: for example, if you have free money , and in the cafe - free seats.

"Paintings of the Impressionists, devoid of photographic, realistic accuracy, refer to evolutionarily more ancient systems that formed early in individual development."

It is important to note the following: experiments with registration of the activity of individual brain cells - neurons - show that when we carry out a relatively complex food-processing behavior (for example, eat in a cafe), we activate not only those highly differentiated "food" systems that were formed at the first visits to catering points, but also - at the same time - those that were formed at the previous, including the earliest stages of development.

If at the first stages of development the individual (both man and animal) splits the world roughly (into objects and phenomena pleasant and unpleasant, those that one wants to approach, or those that one wants to avoid), then over time it turns out that pleasant and unpleasant - varied, as well as the ways of dealing with it. The relationship with the environment at the minimum level of differentiation is described by a number of researchers in terms of "emotions" or "emotionally-like perceptions." In connection with these ideas, many authors, starting with Charles Darwin, noted that emotions, including their facial expressions, arise already at the earliest stages of development, already in the fetus. And of course, babies have them, including those born prematurely. "

Naturally, an adult also has emotions, who comes to the museum to look at Monet's "Water Lilies" and instead of looking for details - as he would most likely do, standing in front of Bosch's canvas, or admire the skillfully created balance of color and shadow, what usually happens when looking at Rembrandt's paintings, or trying to mentally list the names of all the fruits in a vase, which he would most likely do if he saw an allegorical portrait of Archimboldo's brush, is left to the will of the senses.

Claude Monet. From the series "Water Lilies", 1917-1919

It is interesting, by the way, that, almost a century ahead of the publication of this material, Mandelstam in the above poem also used gastronomic images, as if connecting with a dotted line the Impressionist paintings with the process of eating: “And the shadow, the shadow is all purple, // Whistle il the whip goes out like a match. // You say: cooks in the kitchen // They cook fat pigeons. The last couplet, on the one hand, sharply reduces the poet's sublime, inspired tone: the mysterious purple shadow is replaced by prosaic fat pigeons. On the other hand, it becomes an attempt to give a voice to either the characters in Monet's painting, or to the invisible interlocutor of the lyrical hero of the poem. And finally, with the third, it appeals to the emotions of the reader-viewer: the idea of \u200b\u200bfatty, heavy food causes disgust, a desire to avoid eating it. In the same way, impressionist painters appeal to the emotions of the viewer - quite rarely, however, depicting disgusting objects and phenomena.

Emotions, according to Yuri Iosifovich, to a greater extent characterize the activation, retrieval from memory of precisely those systems that were formed at the earliest stages of individual development, corresponding to a rather rough, indefinite fragmentation of the world and our interaction with it: good - bad, sad - joyful, I want to get closer - I want to avoid. Consciousness is more connected with the activation of more differentiated systems that correlate us with the world of details and provide a huge variety of behaviors that directly depend on these details. I understand that it is good, and I want to get closer, but how to do it? I understand that it is bad and I want to avoid it, but how? Figuratively speaking, the activation of "old" systems helps us to choose the right action from the piggy bank of approaches and avoidances, and the activation of "new" systems gives an answer to the question "how?" - what method of approach or avoidance to choose in this particular case, taking into account certain circumstances.

A fleeting scene captured by Monet's eye from everyday life, as if separated from the viewer by a veil of misty haze, and it is she who emotionally involves and refers us to the earliest ideas about the world order

“Not only sound streams, but also images can be decomposed into frequencies - high and low, - continues Yury Iosifovich. “Moreover, when we talk about images, an increase in the representation of higher frequencies in the frequency description of a picture corresponds to an increase in image detail. Well, this is to simplify. There are experiments in which participants are shown images - such as photographs - using high-pass or low-pass filters. That is, as if by alternately subtracting these frequencies from the image. It turned out that if you subtract higher frequencies, details, the participants in the experiment cannot say who this person is, identify him, but they can tell what emotion his facial expressions express. And vice versa: if you subtract low frequencies, then the participants can identify the person, but they cannot make judgments about what emotions he is currently experiencing.

In the course of these experiments, the researchers analyzed the brain activity of the participants when viewing images, and it turned out that low frequencies are associated with the rapid, rough, emotional assessment of images, which is provided by the activity of evolutionarily old brain structures: they are formed in the early stages of individual development - at the same time when poorly differentiated systems. The high frequencies characterizing the details of the image are associated with a slow discrete analysis of the visual picture, which is provided by the activity of evolutionarily newer structures that form at later stages of individual development. That is, at the stages when more differentiated systems are being formed.

Mandelstam finishes his poem with a stanza: "A swing is guessed, // Veils are not left behind, // And in this gloomy collapse // A bumblebee is already in charge." Details - swing, veils - for creative method Impressionism are insignificant, and the faces of the women depicted in Monet's painting "Lilac in the Sun" are blurred, unclear. We cannot say anything about their age or their social status, which would play an important role in the analysis of, say, Vermeer's painting. A fleeting scene, snatched by Monet's eye from everyday life, seems to be separated from the viewer by a veil of foggy haze, and it is this haze that emotionally draws us into what is happening in the picture and refers to the earliest ideas about the world order.

People tend not only to perceive the world around them, but to influence it in some way, experiencing joy, sadness, grief, happiness or inspiration. Many talented artists of different times and peoples are characteristic of expressing in works. It seems that the very words - "painting", "painting" - are conducive to this.

Human feelings

Everything that we perceive, in one way or another, evokes certain feelings in us. For example, watching a beautiful sunset in nature or a calm gentle sea, each of us, probably, also feels pacification. Or admiration for the hero's deed, or surprise at something never seen before! These emotions, shown by us, are called feelings. Usually, speaking about the fact that someone is insensitive, they mean his complete emotionlessness, apathy to the events taking place around him. Feelings are the highest manifestation of emotions. The most powerful are joy, surprise, fear, compassion, anger and many others.

Feelings in painting

Creative people tend to be the most emotional. Some of the artists prefer to live "walking wide" with "wide open eyes and souls." And some of them successfully sublimate in paintings. Let's take an example of one of these pictures describing such emotions.

Example 1. V. Vasnetsov, "Alyonushka"

This Russian fairy tale is familiar to many children since childhood. The mischievous Ivanushka drank some water from a puddle and became a kid. His sister Alyonushka warns about what may happen, but her brother does not heed her. When this happens to Ivan, the sister experiences feelings of grief, despair, despair, grief and sadness. In the picture she is depicted by the pond on a "combustible" stone. Hiding from human eyes, the girl experiences a complex range of emotions, skillfully shown by the artist.

Example 2. K. Bryullov, "Horsewoman"

Human feelings in paintings can be expressed in different ways. depicts a young beauty riding a horse to the veranda of the house. She is greeted by dogs and a little girl. The whole picture is imbued with emotions: a sense of the joy of meeting, admiration for the festive variety and adoration of life in its brightest manifestations of beauty and grace.

Example 3. I. Aivazovsky, "The Ninth Wave"

Human feelings in paintings can be expressed through the depiction of natural phenomena. So, in we see a feeling of strength, power and power of nature. At the same time, the realization of the insignificance of everything human before the elements comes to mind. The artist embodies such a complex storm of feelings in this work.

This rubric was created for those who really lack emotions in everyday life. Every day there are so many different things and trips, scheduled meetings that sometimes there is not enough time for simple human communication. But it is clear that the emotional basis, the perception of the world through the sensory sphere is an important condition for a full life. It is extremely difficult to do without this, therefore, it is recommended to reconsider priorities and lifestyle, everyone should strive for this. And all this is real due to the pictures.

We have specially collected oil paintings, the emotions on which are extremely expressive. Everything is unrealistically bright, pours out on a person directly from the canvas. It is recommended to look at the emotions depicted in the paintings with the heart. What is the flaming passion or boundless tenderness, sometimes bitter loneliness! Emotion pictures give a chance to experience feelings that cannot be experienced in reality. It is recommended that you look at several small oil canvases at once, so you get an emotional exposition that takes its rightful place in the house. In those rare moments when you are free, you will be able to devote yourself to relaxation, plunge into the world of feelings, as emotions in the paintings of artists of the past and present are masterfully executed.

Human thoughts do not always have a verbal and business background, and it is extremely difficult not to emotionally demonstrate what is inside. Why excessive secrecy? What could be better than a real smile or sincere tears? Pay attention to the pictures with the emotions of people, these pictures demonstrate concentrated or relaxed features, delight and fear, fun. Just as the faces on the canvases convey feelings, so the emotion pictures of people provoke a certain reaction.

It is sometimes said that emotions are written on a person's face. Strong emotions are difficult to hide, they are read in the eyes, often in a smile, as well as in the sad folds around the lips, even in the blush on the cheeks and unexpected pallor. Fear and grief, joy, envy, hatred and love ...

Human emotions are easily moved by feelings, they are the seed from which something beautiful appears. A colossal selection of paintings gives you a chance to show what is inside you. Fill your living space with expressions of human emotion represented on canvas. This is the only way to emphasize your own individuality, help to look into the soul, decorating the environment with paintings, where people do not hide emotions, but are ready to share them with artists and the whole world.

Let your guests learn more through the prism of emotions and feelings depicted in the paintings of the artists, thus, it will be possible to come to an understanding. It is available to purchase a painting not only with a specific plot, but also in any size from the presented works or by individual order. In addition, you can recommend buying paintings to relatives and friends, respectively, you will act as a navigator for them in the world of artistic interior design!

AT last years In our country, a great deal of importance is attached to “emotions”: it is no coincidence that today a professional psychologist works in almost any organization, and it is becoming a natural norm for many people to regularly seek psychological help. We will not lag behind such practice: let's figure out in this article what connection exists between the paintings, how works of art, and human emotions.

And first, let's define the concepts. So, emotions are experiences that have a very strong effect on the mind and body of a person. At the same time, the experience of any person suggests that emotions can affect all aspects of a person's existence, which, in principle, is wonderful. After all, it's not a secret for anyone that people who are deprived of any emotions, as a rule, are undergoing constant treatment in psychiatric clinics.

Moreover, scientists note that each emotion can affect a person in a special way. Therefore, it is no coincidence that each person seeks to surround himself with the most positive emotions and, if possible, completely get rid of the negative aspects of our life. In order for a person's life to flourish with bright colors, there is art, which in our difficult times is of great importance as a great emotional "outlet".

Imagine that a person, tired and irritated after a hard day at work, sank heavily into his favorite chair at home and for a few minutes immersed himself in contemplation of his favorite oil painting, which is located on the wall opposite. Experience shows that in this case, the negative emotions accumulated by a person during the day are capable of receding and disappearing in the most amazing way. So, a pleasant summer landscape or a delightful still life with roses can give its owner in just a few minutes a feeling of serene joy and fill a person with new inner strength.

But, this is provided that the paintings of the artists who are in the house belong to the category of "your" paintings. And in order for, for example, oil painting to bring you only one positive emotion, you need to understand two main psychological aspects. First of all, it is worth, looking at oil painting, to imagine what feelings guided the artist at the time of writing the canvas, and what emotional message he wants to convey to people with his work. It's not always easy, but with enough experience it always turns out well.

Secondly, you need to understand what kind of emotional state you have when dealing with this picture. Moreover, you need to approach your introspection quite "corrosive" and, as psychologists say, try to "delve" into yourself. For example, let's say we are in a painting of a wonderful rural landscape with shocks of fresh hay and a horse in the background.

Most likely, many people will just look at such an oil painting and that's it. But for a person who, perhaps, spent his entire childhood with his grandmother in the village, where it was so good and carefree that in 30 or 40 years his appearance of freshly cut hay will fill his soul with something light and airy and return his thoughts to the happiest time of my life.

Please note that everyone will have their own emotions in this regard, and they will be based on experiences, associations and their own emotional base of perception of the world. It is also worth noting that when creating paintings big role their emotional perception is assigned to the symbols and the chosen color scheme. So, everyone knows that, for example, red promotes emotional arousal, while green calms the human psyche.

As you can see, paintings by artists are capable of generating a variety of emotions in a person. We wish you to find such paintings that will influence you in the most positive way, and then use their amazing ability to give you joy and satisfaction in life.

Irina Alekseeva

A person not only perceives the world around him, but also affects it. We have our own definite attitude to all objects and phenomena. A person performs certain actions: communicates with friends, reads books, answers a lesson, listens to music, then he experiences various feelings: joy, sadness, inspiration, upset.

People express their feelings in art: music, painting, poetry.

When we say the word "painting", then we hear the words "lively" and "write".

What does the word "painting" mean?

One legend tells how a Greek artist named Appelles painted a bunch of grapes in a painting. He left the painting on the terrace, and suddenly the birds began to flock to her and peck at the painted grapes.

The legend says that an artist with the help of paints can convey very vividly the world that we see around us. The very word "painting" means to write "life".

A work of art made with any paint is called painting.

Artists work with strokes and smoothly.

In what works of painting do the artists depict human feelings?

The problem of this project is in the analysis of paintings by painters of the 19-20 centuries, in which human feelings are depicted in a flexible and rich language of painting.

The aim of the project is to reveal what human feelings are embodied by artists in painting.

The following tasks were identified to achieve this goal:

1. Study of theoretical material about human feelings.

2. Selection of paintings by famous Russian painters for research work.

3. Revealing the characteristic features of works in which human feelings are depicted in the language of painting.

Hypothesis:

Is it possible to depict human feelings on canvases?

Do paintings give an idea of \u200b\u200bhuman feelings.

Working methods:

Study of literature;

Analysis of canvases of artists - painters;

Selection of paintings dedicated to children's themes;

Generalization of the information found.

Project structure: the project consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of used literature. Various sources were used to solve the set tasks.

Human feelings. Classification of feelings.

In our life, it happens that for some reason we are upset, saddened, grieved. Then we cry, sob, complain, that is, we express our emotions. Stronger emotional states arise in a person when he is angry, angry, scared to death. In this case, a person may lose consciousness, blush or turn pale very much, and start stuttering.

Everything that we perceive evokes in us some kind of attitude, for example, joy, admiration, surprise.

The reaction of a person to pleasant or unpleasant influences of the surrounding world is called emotions.

Emotion is usually reflected in the face, in the facial expressions of a person, in his movements and gait. But emotions are manifested not only externally. With strong emotions, the work of the heart and other organs of the body changes. For example, usually the heart of an adult person makes 70 beats per minute, and with strong excitement, the number of beats can reach 100 or more.

I watched animals and saw:

How the dog rejoices at the arrival of the owner;

How she growls at a stranger;

How the cat growls pretty after a hearty dinner or caress;

And how a cat arches its back and makes a formidable look, if by chance another cat got into her apartment.

Anger, fear, despondency, curiosity - all these emotional states are present in some animals. However, people's emotions are much richer and more diverse. They are associated with the living conditions, work of a person, with other people who surround him.

A person can understand his condition, change it himself, overcome negative emotions. For example, he can suppress anger, irritation, hide dislike, dislike for another person, remain polite and calm when he wants to shout, be rude. Of course, this only works for a strong-willed, strong person who has learned to manage his emotions.

People feel not only what their body cannot live without, or what hinders it. A person also feels something else: love for loved ones, admiration when meeting with beauty, surprise at the sight of an unfamiliar phenomenon.

The most beautiful human feeling love is - a special relationship of a person to another person, an object of nature, an occupation. This is the desire to constantly be close to the object of love, to delight oneself by communicating with him. And most importantly, love encourages a person to do good, to bring joy to the one he loves.

Other feelings are less lasting and deep. They can come and go quickly. For example, a mother bought her son a new book. He was happy because he had long wanted to have such a book. For a long time, without stopping, the boy leafed through and read it. But the first acquaintance took place, and the feeling of joy passed.

Without feelings and emotions, a person would turn into a kind of robot, which knows neither troubles, nor joy, nor satisfaction with work, nor the desire for happiness.

All the feelings that we express can be divided into: positive

Joy

Delight

Satisfaction; negative

Disgust.

We cry very often. There are different opinions on what tears are: some people believe that this is the most vivid manifestation of human feelings; others are a gift of nature to man, capable of restoring a disturbed balance; the third is a medicine that washes the soul.

According to Victor Hugo: "Tears are the mysterious scales of light and darkness."

People cry not only for themselves, but more often for other people, for everyone, as if carrying in themselves a universal grief, universal disorder.

Negative emotions weaken our body. Anger, discontent, resentment can lead to disease.

Therefore, it is very important to be able to smile, because it helps to treat people kindly, to achieve their location. With the help of a smile, you can also improve your mood. When a person smiles, special substances enter the bloodstream - hormones that are responsible for a good mood.

When people smile, they become beautiful. It turns out that 80 percent of success in life depends on the ability to properly communicate with other people.

People smile in different ways. Pictures can tell the best about this variety of human smiles. It is the artists who manage to capture the beauty and uniqueness of a smile in their paintings. A person usually opens up in a smile. It helps to better understand the soul. Perhaps that is why artists of smiling people so often write.

Works of Russian painters, on whose canvases the feelings of people are depicted.

Love painting, poets!

She alone is given

Souls of changeable omens

Transfer to canvas.

N. Zabolotsky.

The best Russian artists, each in their own way, felt and embodied human feelings in their works.

I selected the objects of research: famous paintings Russian painters, whose main characters are children.

Let's turn to the painting by artist Vasnetsov “Alyonushka.

We all remember the tale of sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka. This tale tells about how Ivanushka drank water from a puddle and became a goat. The sad fate of Ivanushka - a disobedient and poor Alyonushka.

What moment of the fairy tale is captured by the artist?

A girl is sitting by a pond on a "hot" stone, hiding from human eyes to cry out her hopeless grief. Clasping his knees with his hands, drooping his head, looks into the water with hopeless despair. Thoughts, confused, sweep one after another: “How to live? What will happen to my brother And do I have a brother ?. "

Sister Alyonushka experiences a deep sense of grief and sadness.

The nature is beautiful and sad, the artist uses gloomy colors for the picture; the sky is gloomy. The artist took for his painting a woeful motive - a complaint about long-suffering, self-sacrifice, the spiritual beauty of a Russian woman, about her bitter fate, more than once told in fairy tales.

Each blade of grass yearns, complains with the girl, her sorrow is shared by thin, wind-bared aspens, and drooping sedge, and the tear-stained sky.

Where could Vasnetsov see such nature and did he invent the face of this Alyonushka?

Not far from Abramtsevo, in the village of Akhtyrki, where Vasnetsov lived in the summer, the artist fell in love with an old overgrown pond. Deafly fenced off by a dense spruce forest, with tender aspen trees on the shore, this corner reminded him of the nature of the distant Vyatka region. Here, at the Akhtyrsky pond, the artist conceived his picture - a fairy tale about poor Alyonushka. In the same neighborhood, he met a girl who struck his imagination. Almost still a girl, in a cheap sundress, she walked, immersed in some kind of grief. It is this image that is captured in the artist's painting.

In the painting "Children Running from the Thunderstorm" the artist Makovsky conveys the feelings of children who were frightened by the thunderstorm. The artist uses paints, gestures, facial expressions to convey the fear of a child.

The artist successfully snatched a small episode from village life. A village teenage girl with a younger sister found themselves alone with the raging elements. She found them suddenly. Children gathered mushrooms in a nearby grove, as evidenced by a tied apron with mushrooms. The storm is approaching, you need to get home in time. The look of children speaks of the power of the elements. A strong wind ruffled his hair, took off his kerchief, and bent the tops of the grass. Bare feet run along the arching bridges. And only a bright spot in the background of the picture gives us hope that the children will still have time to run to the nearest shelter. And we sympathize with you and experience with them.

Artist Perov in the painting “Troika. Apprentices artisans carry water ”depicts children with sad faces.

There was a case when, in front of the artist Perov, three children could not hold a barrel of water - the sleigh rolled down, the barrel overturned and turned the slope into a solid ice mountain. With numb hands, the children put the barrel back in place and went back to the hole.

The artist did not just want to tell people about the hard work of these children. He wanted to show them at the moment of the highest exertion of strength, so that his picture does not speak, but screams about the inhuman attitude towards defenseless children.

In the background of this painting are the adults:

One person pushes a sled, helps children in their hard work, the artist depicts the feeling of compassion and mercy in this image.

Fyodor Pavlovich Reshetnikov's paintings on the themes of children's life "Arrived for Vacation" and "Two Again" are interesting.

The plot of the artist's paintings is taken from life. Fyodor Pavlovich had a daughter, Lyuba. Namely, the cycle of works "Again" two "and" Arrived on vacation "is connected with her. This is the era of her school years. Naturally, it is not she there in the picture. It can be assumed that she herself, as a character of a poor student, would refuse to pose. Having conceived to paint a picture, the artist came to the lesson, where one boy drew his attention. He was summoned to the blackboard, but he didn’t even take a book in his hands: he was standing at the blackboard, his eyes dropped, he was twirling the chalk in his hands, he didn’t know what to do with this task. It's clear that a deuce is coming! The artist tried to imagine what awaits the boy when he comes home. So the idea of \u200b\u200bthe painting was born. The artist even offered to pose for this boy Seryozha, but he refused.

The artist created two different paintings, two different images. In the center is a teenage boy. In the painting "Deuce Again", the boy has a lowered gaze, flaming cheeks. The boy bowed his head, he is ashamed, just about he will cry.

The painting “Arrived for Vacation” conveys an atmosphere of joy: a New Year tree, a festively laid table. The boy, a cadet of the Suvorov military school, salutes his grandfather, an old warrior. A joyful smile illuminates the boy's face, his eyes shine.

Surikov's painting "Taking the Snow Town" gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe scale of the celebration of Maslenitsa, a popular holiday.

The artist shows not only the breadth of the holiday, but also the breadth of the Russian soul. All the characters in the picture are full of health and beauty. The coloring of the picture is based on bright, pure colors that flicker in the clothes of the crowd, sashes, patterned scarves.

We see a riot of colors and folk fun.

The game "Taking the Snow Town" was left from ancient times in memory of the conquest of Siberia by Yermak. "Gorodok" was an echo of a whole era, when Russian settlers had to defend themselves against "foreign tribes".

People have funny and perky faces. In the painting, the artist depicts:

The impetuous movement of a heated rider on a reared horse, making his way to the town and breaking the snow wall;

Form the defenders of the town, armed with twigs, brooms, rattles;

The faces of the winners glowing with joy and joy.

A peasant boy in a zipun, belted with a sash, stands out in the picture. His face, with a gentle blush, is as if enveloped in frosty fresh air. Using this hero as an example, we can observe the boy's joy from participation in a common game, fun, happiness.

In the painting Karl Pavlovich Bryullov "Horsewoman" depicts a young beauty. The girl reined in her horse in front of the veranda of the house, dogs and a little girl ran out to meet her, looking at the rider with admiration and adoration.

The portrait is, as it were, filled with movement, sounds: dogs bark, it seems, you can still hear the echo of the stomping of children's feet in the echoing corridors. The horse is hot, but the rider herself, motionless, as if on a pedestal, sits on his broad back. With great skill, Bryullov writes the rider's waving emerald gauze scarf against the background of the dark greenery of the park (green on green). The portrait is imbued with a joyful sense of admiration for the festive wealth and diversity of life.

It seems that the image of motherhood in Petrov-Vodkin's painting arose under the influence of Old Russian painting, which turned to eternal themes: love, motherhood, peace and harmony. The painting "1918 in Petrograd" depicts a woman on a balcony above a crowded and cold Petrograd street. She, in a white kerchief, is probably a worker. Her child is in her arms. People below dive into the arched blue, hurry, as if restlessly, along the dull pavement.

And the woman who personifies life is calm and quiet. To her to save and protect the child. She seems to pour her strength into the hand of a little man.

The picture is very much like an icon. The heroine has a surprisingly inspired face, not even a face, but a face. We cannot take our eyes off this image of eternal femininity, from a face full of mysterious depth, purity and spirituality. The image of a simple Russian woman rises to the image of the Madonna.

Conclusion.

After analyzing the data obtained by us as a result of the study of paintings by famous Russian painters, we came to the conclusion:

Famous Russian artists Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov, Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky, Fedor Pavlovich Reshetnikov, Karl Pavlovich Bryullov, Vasily Ivanovich Surikov, Petrov - Vodkin were able to express human feelings in painting;

It is difficult to draw an unambiguous conclusion and structure all these works.

Each plot is a kind of book about the life of a person and society as a whole.

Let's note the features of the paintings in which the tragic sound is felt:

Alyonushka in Vasnetsov's painting experiences a deep sense of grief and sadness.

The hero of the painting by the artist Reshetnikov is about to cry from shame for the deuce he has again received.

Frightened children run away from a thunderstorm in Makovsky's painting.

Feelings of compassion and mercy are depicted by the artist in the image of an adult helping children

The back of a passing passer-by is indifference to the overwhelming child labor, the fate of a little man.

Other paintings are full of strength, optimism, beauty:

Surikov's painting "Taking the Snow Town" gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe scale of the celebration of Maslenitsa, a popular holiday.

The faces of the winners glowing with joy and joy.

The picture "Arrived for Vacation" conveys the atmosphere of joy

The portrait "Horsewoman" is imbued with a joyful sense of admiration for the festive wealth and variety of life.

The woman depicted by the artist Petrov is calm and quiet. To her to save and protect the child. She seems to pour her strength into the hand of a little man.

The picture is very much like an icon. The heroine has a surprisingly soulful face, not even a face, but a face.

Painting is one of the areas of aesthetics. Painting and poetry are closely related, painting is poetry in verse. At the same time, poets are often called artists, since the feelings of a person are conveyed in verses.

The best Russian artists, each in their own way, embodied human feelings in their works.