Feathers and fluff of waterfowl. Great oil and gas encyclopedia. Why geese are flying in a certain system

Ducks, geese and swans typically produce food in water and nest about it, many even fall afraid. Such a lifestyle imposes a certain imprint on the birds: their plumage is dense and waterproof, between the fingers of the legs - the membrane. Differences between the species of this group, especially in size and color, are more obvious than common features.

Any story about feathers should begin long, long ago. Fossils show that another 200 million years ago something new and strange appeared on Earth. It was a small dongy dinosaur with feathers like hair! Scientists found out that some of the early feathers were colorful. They think that might have helped the dinosaurs to attract assistants to themselves. Perhaps feathers also helped dinosaurs to warm up.

Why are geese flying to a definite system?

It passed more time, some dinosaurs may have appeared with very feathered hands. Their winged hands may have helped the "dinosaust" to be filled up with steep cliffs to escape from enemies. Finally, one of these creatures slammed with wings and flew. The first real bird came!

The largest waterfowl are swans. In adults, a long neck and white plumage. Ducks are the smallest; Geese - in the middle. The males of ducks, for example, the spleen of Mallard, in the marriage plumage very beautiful.

The short-legged and short ducks are the smallest of waterfowl. During the marriage season, there is a bright plumage, sometimes with a rainbow glitter (Samtsa Mallard is a head of straight-inactive). After removing the chicks, they linen and become similar to females. In contrast, the geese and swans throughout the year look at about the same and there is almost no difference between the floors.

What is this Puffball, sitting on a tree branch? This is blue Gai, who dissolved feathers to warm up on a very cold day. Hidden under the outer feathers of birds a lot of tiny, fuzzy feathers called down. Like a fluffy, chubby coat or comforter, the lower traps form a thick layer of air. This air helps to hold the heat of the body.

Ducks are different

Do you see sweat? In the daylight, the feathers of this night bird almost exactly coincide with the bark of the tree. Some birds should remain hidden, and others need to brag. The male-hummingbird top puts on the show, which cannot be missed. He waves flickering feathers on his throat, which accurately catch the light. Feathers flash the flame-bright signal.


Why are geese flying to a definite system?

Some goose, such as the Hawaiian Case, do not commit long flights, but most waterfowl are good flyers and migrations over long distances are characteristic of many geese and ducks. The record here belongs to a blue chirka, which nests in north American Prairies, and winters 10,000 km in South Argentina.

When feathers are worn and damaged or no longer needed - they fall out and replaced. For example, a young penguin wore only dying feathers for heat growing on land. But soon he will need to plunge into the cold ocean to find meals. Thus, it replaces his fuzzy baby feathers smooth, waterproof adult feathers.

Many other species of birds exchange gray feathers for bright as the coming season. And some barn brown summer feathers and grown winter-white, which merge with snow. Have you heard the saying "How Water from Duck"? Ducks are really waterproof, as you can see pictures of Mallard above. And not in vain: swim, like a boat, keep your feathers dry!

Gray geese, flying by the Wedge, is a familiar sight. A person who flies in front of everyone does the hardest work, overcoming the resistance of the air, the same, who is located on the left and right closer to the back of the wedge, much easier. From time to time, the leader replaces other individuals.


Family couples

In geese and swans inside the married couple there are constant special relationships - a steam connection. Sometimes long-term, often lifelong, unions are created. Partners express their feelings to each other with mutual cleaning feathers and a special ritual: they lower their heads and beak. The ceremony of a mutual greeting is that their heads literally intertwined.

Ducks and most other aquatic birds remain dry, covering their feathers with wax oil. The oil comes from the gland at the base of the poultry tail. Pelican dip his account in this gland, then it will spread the oil on its feathers. In addition to shed water, the oil also helps keep feathers smooth, shiny and less often breaking. That is why most birds, not just water birds, use this oil to care for feathers.

Rooster takes a dust bath! He fell on dry, powdered soil. And now he is shaking. When dust flies, it takes pieces of dead skin and any extra oil that could be attached to feathers. Dust can even help keep ticks, lice and other pests.

Ducks almost never install durable paired ties. As soon as the time comes to rake eggs, the spleen leave their partners to join themselves like in bachelor colonies.


Gagachi Pooh

Most ducks, geese and swans choose a place for a nest next to the water to be near the source of food. Geese and swans are arranged on small elevations, giving before the mighty islands; Ducks love to settle in thick vegetation at the edge of water or not far from it. Some birds are located higher. The trees nest Caroline duck, which occupies a hollow high above the water. Small Gogol is so small that he can squeeze into the woods of Dyatla, other Gograts and whiskers need larger asylums.

For many birds, water is the first choice for swimming. But where it is difficult to find, dust often comes to the rescue! You comb your hair so that they are smooth, isn't it? The same with birds and feathers. In the above figure you can see how the pieces of the pen are connected as the zipper teeth. If they are split, the bird simply fastens them back, pulling the pen through its account, as the emptying makes it. Then this feather is good.

Ducks are birds that can fly and swim. They look different than other birds, right? Their special legs are called interfachable legs, and their shape helps duck to swim well in the water. Now look at the children's duck in the video below. Look how she bathes in the pool, and yet her feathers still look dry. When you are in the shower or swimming, your hair is wedged, and for drying it takes some time. But when the duck floats, her feathers remain dry and not wet.

Neither the birds nesting on the trees nor those that nest on Earth do not bring construction materials to the placelack. The females of the latter, sitting on the ground, collect stalks and leaves lying within reach. As the size of the nest increases, they pluck down on their chest dyed feathers and make a soft, warm litter. (Gags are famous for the number and excellent quality of their fluff.) Having demolished the eggs, the female covers them down.

If you can watch some ducks for a while, you may notice that they spend a lot of time, the feathers feathers with its beaks. While the duck is pressed, it scatters the oil throughout the top layer of feathers. Oil comes from a special place near her tail, called iron, and when it spreads oil over feathers, it makes her feathers waterproof. Water can not go through the first layer of oily feathers, and therefore all its feathers remain dry and fluffy and warmed throughout.

It seems that the ducks have their raincoats that never broke away so that they can spend all day in the water, and not feel cold and wet. Answer: Wilbur and Orvill Wright. Do you have a pond near your home where you can watch how ducks swim? Perhaps this weekend mom or dad can take you there to feed the ducks. Bring with you some tricks, and if you are lucky, brave ducks will catch it right until you!


Ducks go rotten

Floating, ducks and other waterfowl poultry ending the leg with compressed fingers and folded membrane. Then leg sharply goes back, fingers spread out, pulling the membrane, and the bird moves forward. Straight movement is created by alternate beats with both legs, the change in the direction is achieved in the same way as weeds in the boat - it is necessary to make more rowing from the side, opposite Turn.

Do not duck look pretty when they float? You see how their feathers look dry, although they are in the water? You could see how some of the ducks dive into the water to look for food. When they return to the surface, all the water flows out of them in a second, and they look completely dry!

Have fun feed ducks and do not forget to look at us to learn how ducks remain dry and warm. The bread is not suitable for ducks, it can make them sick! Instead of feeding their bread here there are some products that ducks love.

The location of the legs from different species is different. In birds that dive and float under water, such as crochali, legs are located closer to the tail, which prevents them from walking on the ground. A small size, well diving American Savka experiencing such difficulties when walking, which rarely leaves the water to the shore. Geese, swans and ducks, rustling at the surface of water bodies, are better adapted to move on land - their legs are located in the middle of the bug.

Holding ducks or geese is usually difficult, although there is one problem, usually called "wet feather", which can affect one or more of your birds. Feathers of waterfowl birds are usually waterproof, it protects the bird from the lap during swimming.

Ducks and geese give their feathers after bathing and cleaning. On the Bird Bird, called the Prosina Iron, is iron, which produces oil that protects feathers from feathers and during training, this oil is combed on top of the feathers, waterproofing them.

Ducklings or goose raised naturally can swim in water during the day. Mother comes into contact with his feathers. The waterfowl, hatched in an incubator or chicken-jacket, who has no "mother" ducks or a goose to give them this waterproofing, should be kept warm after bathing to dry, or they can catch chills and die in early days.

Ducks are different

Scarfed feed on the surface of the water, overting Down your head in search of food, these graceful birds are unusually graceful in water, and in the air. They fly faster than all other ducks.

American Savka dives for food. This bird often keeps his short "tidy" tail vertically.

Many people suggest that ducklings can float from day age and be waterproof, but not much to give them their waterproofing, they will soon be soaked in wet. It seems that there are many possible theories about the causes of wet feathers and a number of different solutions for its treatment, depending on who you are talking with, and what books are you reading!

Symptoms and possible solutions for wet feathers



The wet feather is when bird feathers remain wet or wet, instead of having an ordinary glossy shine. Feathers are mainly clogged with water and lost their waterproofing, therefore absorb, and not repel water. It is usually external feathers, and sometimes feathers and fluffs that are amazed. Birds get cold and usually avoid water, which worsens the problems.

Carolinskaya duck nests in the hollows of trees and the drawers left by people, feed on seeds and leaves of water plants.

Ordinary Gaga, famous for his octoch, whom the nest sweeps, dives for mussels and other marine animals. In males, at the end of the marriage period, the plumage is changing into less bright.

When feathers become muddy, the wet feather can hit. It is believed that dirt removes feathers with its oil protection, and birds become too heavy for re-wetting them. That this does not happen, try to keep birds from muddy states. Sometimes the new feather growth next year will cure the problem, but not always.

Ecto-parasites can cause excessive irritation, which is believed to cause a wet feather with a bird that destroys blocking barbichelli. Birds should be treated from parasites. When birds hold without sufficient water, and then move to a place with plenty of water, they can get a wet feather. It seems that most birds will restore the state after a couple of weeks if they are healthy.

Prepared: Senior Educator

Nimakova S.I.

MBDOU " Kindergarten №49 "Cheerful Gnome"

Novocheboksarsk 2013 year

REPRESENTATION
The main feature of birds - feathers
1.Familia, name, patronymic of authors: Kuzmin Alexander Andreevna (6 years old), Buyakova

Vlada Igorevna (5 years)

2. Educational institution, district / city: MBDOU "Kindergarten №49" Cheerful Gnome "

Question: When the storm of the Grand Gulf is approaching, it bothers me how it can affect our inhabitants and migrant birds. What do they do and where are they going to wait for a storm? Naturalist from San Francisco Josia Clark says that rain means different things for different species Birds: Some of them coped much better than others.

With instincts, any sailor would envy, seabirds would feel and fled from the front of the storm, often arriving in numbers days before the weather becomes ashore. Large pelagic birds somehow retain their independence from the Earth, causing even the most rustling storms. Under these conditions, smaller pelagic birds are delivered to the shore.

novocheboksarsk

3. Surname, name, patronymic of the head: Nimakova Svetlana Ivanovna.

4. Subject: Natural science. Live nature


Brief description of the work:

Problem: Feature of bird feathers

Goal:

Tasks: 1. Expand the knowledge of birds.

ways to check them.


Hypothesis: 1. Perhaps the goose feathers are not wedged from the fact that they are covered with fat.

With a smaller mass and running on tougher energy budgets, anthills, falarops and exactly named petrels near the Earth are signs of an unusually discovered ocean beyond the horizon. Closer to the shore, seagulls, pelicans and gagars flow south over the wave and bluffing in the darkened sky, avoiding the worst wrath of the storm. But when seabirds become unhappy, exhausted and too wet, they are in power. In the gold gate with a tidal stream, this means suction to the bay.

Despite their wonderful instincts and endurance, during the extreme winter storms, many seabirds of many types are killed. But only a small part of their corpses can be found on the tide line after any large storm. As for ground birds, if the rain is not too heavy or too cold, most birds will continue to feed. But what happens to them when it is poured, say, for several days? Pouring microstructures of flying feathers shed drops from the back of birds.

5. Perhaps some types of waterfowl are listed in the Red Book, there are few of them, and they need protection.

Results:1. Hold Experiments - Experiments: "Wet, like a chicken", "Birds and" oil "," Oil River "," In the water I was bought - dry "," Pries and wool "," Floating Feather ", issued a brochure" Research laboratory".

Oil gland at the base of the tail helps to keep the feathers fastened with a zipper. Internal insulating layers pukhovy Feather Save dry and can be dissolved by air while holding the heat of the body. As it turned out, only birds that nest in the cavities are likely to have this luxury.

They also have caches from pine seeds hidden nearby for such a case. Most patriped birds should wait for rain, still in foliage, as well as at night. They remain in energy conservation mode, while maintaining heat and energy until the rain stops. But if it does not stop, they must feed the rain to raise the fire. Sparrows, finchings and other granaries, apparently, can always find seeds, even finding newly deposited food on Earth. It seems that the rains seem especially bold.

2. Red Book of Waterfowl Birds.

3. Compound and designed fairy tales "Lazy Vertikhvost", "Black Swan".

Conclusions: 1. Goose feathers dry or with droplets. They were not wet, they are lubricated with fat. Chicken feathers were hung, everyone merged, they became like a strip, water flows from them. Not in vain say: "You, like a wet chicken." Each living creature has its own habitat and adapted to it. Goose is adapted to live in water, and chicken on land.

2. When the bird sits on the water covered with an oil film, her feathers are polluted, sticking together, and the bird cannot take off, becomes predatory prey.

3. When the detergent is added to the water, the surface tension of water decreases, and it can penetrate between hooks. In addition, soap dissolves the fat lubricant of bird feathers, and as a result, the bird becomes "heavy" in the water, slowly moves and faster.

4. The structure of feathers allows the birds to fly "repulcing" the wings of the air down, they themselves climb up.

5. Birds: Gray Duck, Gray Goose, White Stork, Black Stork, Swan-Clikun, Pink Flamingo are listed in the Red Book.

Introduction
My friendfully love to travel around the cities, we love to go to visit my grandparents in the village, which is located in the Marposad district, go hiking and picnic.

His grandparents live geese, ducks, chickens. I love to care for them, led geese and ducks to swim on the river. I noticed that the feathers of waterfowl do not wet in the water. And he remembered how Mom often pronounces the expression "like with a goose water."

I also noticed that after the rain feathers the chickens wound up and remembered another expression: "Wet, like a chicken."
Objective of the project: Find out why the waterfowl feathers do not wet.
Tasks:
1. Expand the knowledge of birds.

2. Connect the link between the structure and lifestyle of birds.

3. Develop observation, the ability to build assumptions, offering

ways to check them.

4. Brief interest in wildlife.
Research methods:


  1. Experiments experiments.

  2. Reading encyclopedia, reference books, fiction.

  3. Acquaintance with movies on the topic of the project.

  4. Observation.

  5. Appeal to the Internet.

Practical part:
We decided to check our hypotheses:
1. Perhaps the goose feathers are not wedged from the fact that they are covered with fat.

2. Suppose when the bird sits on the water covered by the oil film, it has feathers polluted, sticking together, and it cannot take off.

3. What if soap dissolves the fat lubricant of the bird feathers, it becomes "heavy" in the water, slowly moves and fasterly tired.

4. Suppose that when the wing is moving up - the feathers freely pass the air, repulse it down, when the wing moves down the feathers relieve air; So birds, placing the wings, slide through air flow.

5. Some types of waterfowl birds are listed in the Red Book, there are few of them, and they need protection.

The main content of the work

1 hypothesis.

Perhaps the goose feathers are not wedged from the fact that they are covered with fat.
Experiment:
Materials and equipment: on the table with water tank; Gus and chicken feathers.
We lower the feathers to the water basin in turn, lay out on two handhes: on wet and dry.
Output: Goose feathers dry or with droplets. They were not wet, because they were lubricated with fat. Chicken feathers were hung, everyone merged, they became like a strip, water flows from them. Not in vain say: "You, like a wet chicken." Each living creature has its own habitat and adapted to it. Goose is adapted to live in water, and chicken on land.


2 hypothesis.

Suppose when the bird sits on the water covered with oil film, her feathers

They are polluted, sticky, and it cannot take off.




Experiment:
Materials and equipment: Pits, vegetable oil, napkins.
Above the surface of the lakes, rivers, the seas flies a lot of birds, it is: seagulls, wild ducks, geese. I think why exactly do they live by the reservoir? Rapping the feathers up and follow the movements. Feather flies easily, smoothly. How do waterfowl flying?

We reviewed the feather under the magnifying glass and saw that it consists of: from a durable trunk and focused, it was frozen from the beard. Feather looks like a chewing from the Christmas tree.

If you take a pen and spend down, the pen will become disheveled. If then spend in reverse sideThe pen will be smooth and smooth. This is because the feather has hooks, they look like fasteners.

There are still small feathers called poucher. They are very fluffy and help to hold warm air around the body.

Feathers more, which cover the whole body of the bird, are called pokrovny.

We also learned that large feathers in the wings of birds are called hoist. BUT steeringcalled feathers in the tail.

We will continue our experiment. Focus the pen into "oil water" and again throw a pen. It drops quickly down.
Output: Feathers are polluted, falling on the "oil river", sticking out, and the bird cannot take off, becomes predator predatory.
Experiment:"Oil River"
Materials and equipment: Plastic container, plastic tube, plasticine, clothespin, can, water, vegetable oil.
Nallem in water container is a river. Then add oils to form a good noticeable film - "oil from the tanker". What will happen if you close the aquarium with fish plastic wrap? (Fish will die, because the film does not let the air and the fish have nothing to breathe. So the oil film does not let the air, dwells of water bodies.
3 hypothesis:

What if soap dissolves the fat lubricant of bird feathers, it becomes in the water "heavy", slowly moves and fasterly tired.





Experiment:Floating feather
Materials and equipment:two white bird pen, a wide bowl with water, 2 tablespoons of dishwashing liquid, gouache blue, 2 cotton balls, paper towel.
Pour into the bowl of water and add some blue guaishes, gently omit the first feather to the surface of the water. After one minute, we get a feather and carefully spend your cotton ball on it, look at the ball. Put the feather on a paper towel. We add 2 tablespoons of dishwashing fluids into water, we carefully stir. Lower the second feather on the surface of the water. A minute later, we get a pen and carefully spend your cotton ball, look at the ball.
Output:both pen float, but in soapy water the feather skips water - on a cotton ball, a blue color is visible. Soap dissolves the fat lubrication of bird feathers, it becomes in the water "heavy", slowly moves and quickly gets tired.

4 hypothesis:

Suppose that when the wing is moving up - the feathers are free to pass the air, repulcing it down, when the wing moves down the feathers relieve the air; So birds.




Take a sheet of paper, keep it over the edge. We start blowing on it from below, the sheet holds in the air. So the birds, placing the wings, slide through the airbags. Large feathers On the wings help the birds fly, the feathers on the torso protect the body and give it the form, the body warms the fluff under them. Tail feathers allow you to keep an equilibrium, make turns, stop. Let's and we feel our hands, and something birds we say. What if we take off?
Output:when the wing is moving up - the feathers freely pass the air, repulcing it down, when the wing moves down, feathers rest on the air; So birds, placing the wings, slide through air flow.
5 hypothesis:

Perhaps some types of waterfowl birds are listed in the Red Book, there are few of them, and they need protection.
We have many different books, encyclopedia, dictionaries. I love reading books about nature, animals, birds, plants. Recently, with Mom read a book called "Red Pages". This book wrote a writer A. Pleshakov. From this book, I learned that in nature there are not only bright and joyful pages. There are alarming pages. After all, many plants and animals threaten danger - they can disappear from the face of the earth! I learned that the red color is a danger signal.

Output: Waterfowl: Gray Duck, Gray Goose, White Stork, Black Stork, Swan-Clikun, Pink Flamingo are listed in the Red Book.
Conclusion:

Working on the theme. My friend with my friend learned a lot of new things and made the following conclusions:


  1. Goose feathers dry or with droplets. They were not wet, because they were lubricated with fat. Chicken feathers were hung, everyone merged, they became like a strip, water flows from them. Not in vain say: "You, like a wet chicken." Each living creature has its own habitat and adapted to it. Goose is adapted to live in water, and chicken on land.
2. Feathers are polluted, falling on the "oil river", sticks out, and the bird cannot take off, becomes predatory predatory.

3. In soapy water, the pen skips water - on a cotton ball, a blue color is visible. Soap dissolves the fat lubricant of bird feathers, it becomes in the water "heavy", slowly moves and quickly tired. When the wing is moving up - the feathers freely pass the air, repulcing it down, when the wing moves down, feathers rest on the air; So birds, placing the wings, slide through air flow.

5. Waterfowl: Gray Duck, Gray Goose, White Stork, Black Stork, Swan Clikun, Pink Flamingo are listed in the Red Book.

List of references:
1. Harutyunyan E. My first encyclopedia. - M., 1999.

2. Plemshakov A.A. Green pages. - M., 1996.

3. Pleshakov A.A. Red pages. - M., 2002.

4. Nikandrov N.N. Tabs about nature. - M., 1993.


Tale "About Black Swan"

author of Kuzmina Alexandra (6 years old)
On one wonderful lake, near a small village there was a Swan family. This ordinary family had an unusual son. He was black. He had no friends nor enemies. Everyone was keen, because he was distinguished from other swans.

There was one cat from the village to carry chicks from ducks and swans living on the lake. When Once again, she came at Ducklings, by chance, our black swan was nearby. He was not at all scared of a terrible cat and pinched her painfully at the side. The cat was frightened and did not touch Duckling. She ran back to the village and no longer came to the lake.

Since the same time, everyone began to love and respect our swan. He had many friends.

That's the fairy tale, and who listened to the well done!



Tale "About lazy vertihvost"

Son, so that our feathers do not wet, need to be thoroughly lubricated with fat. Do as I do.

And it began to sort out every feather a beak, but the vertihvostu was lazy.

"And so I will learn," he thought.

Early in the morning flew the Swan Family on the lake, all went down on the water. Mom and dad floated, and the vertihvosta wet feathers, became heavy. The vertihvost was frightened, but Pope and Mom were near, picked it up and carried ashore.

Since then, the vertihvost has become a very obedient swan and stopped being lazy.


Swan-Clikun


Exterior appearance. Large bird. Body mass 5.0-10.0 kg, sometimes up to 14.0 kg, scope of wings 218-243 cm. Coloring of milk-white laying. On the clime, lemon-hot color occupies a much more than half of its square and comes to the black vertex a distinct sharp angle. In young birds (in the first autumn), the beak is pinkish-gray, the plumage of smoke-gray coloring.

Spread. The area in the region covers the entire forest zone, penetrated into the steppe, forest-steppe and timber regions. Its northern limits lie in the region of 68˚-70˚С.Sh. A small number of birds lives in the reservoirs of the Sayan and Minusinsk brand. In the region, the species is extremely uneven. In the middle taiga, this swan nests regularly in the pools of the rivers, CAS. On the right bank is found on separate lake systems of the Angaro Tungussky Meternrech. Sporadic nests are celebrated within the entire Evenki. The zone of increased number of Swan-Clikun is the North-Tounty Left Bank of the region within the Turukhansky district. Relatively many of these birds in the extreme northern taiga, in the Southern Forestandra and in the western Pouotnian Plateau.

Number and limiting factors. Mimic number of Clikun is estimated at 180 thousand individuals. In 1980-1990. The number of Swans of the Yeniseis-Tazovskaya and Evenki subpopulations was 20-22 thousand; In the basins of the son, the upper form and casia and at the surrounding sites (Ob-Yenisei subpopulation) - 1.0-1.5 thousand birds. The abundance of the Angaro-Tungusk subpopulation was not established. The size of the Sayano Minusinsk group did not exceed 100 birds. For 2005-2010 The number of this subpopulation decreased almost 2 times. Data on other groupings are fragmented. The limiting factors include: direct extermination of birds, especially during molting and on the break. In the south of Central Siberia, the impact of the concern factor and the degradation of the habitat of swans are significantly impact.

GREY GOOSE
Anser Anser.(Linnaeus, 1758)
Detachment Road - Anseriformes
Duck Family - Anatidae

Status

Spread

Forest, forest-steppe and steppe zone of Eurasia from Scandinavia to Lower Amur; in the twentieth century A sharp reduction in range (1, 2) occurred. In the Moscow region nest to the 1870s., Extremely rare nesting with individual couples was also noted later - in Noginsky, in Dmitrovsky and, perhaps, in Shatursky district (3, 4). It is now registered mainly in the period of spring migrations, most often - in the Faustic floodplain p. Moscow in the Voskresensky district

The number and trends of its change

Currently rare even on the span, single birds or groups of several individuals are noted. The number of gray geese in the period of spring migration is only 0.8% of all flying geese, in the fall of birds even less often (3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 14).

Features of biology and ecology

Nests in the most inaccessible places on overgrown lakes and floodplains of rivers with styrices, smooth and thick thickets of cane. MONOGAME, Couples are saved for a long time. Sexual maturity reaches the 3-4th year of life, the maximum life expectancy in nature is 17 years. One masonry, in the masonry usually 4-6 eggs (up to 10-12). Occupation lasts 27-28 days, young birds rise to the wing aged 50-60 days (15, 16). Migratory view.


BLACK STORK

Ciconia Nigra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Aist-shaped squad - Ciconiiformes
Category - III. Status: A rare widespread view with a narrow ecological amplitude. Locked in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.

Exterior appearance. A large bird size with a crane, a body weight up to 3 kg, wings span 185-205 cm. Head, neck and all the dorsal side are black with greenish and copper-red metal tump; Bottom white, well visible when birds. Beak, legs, naked spot from the eye and bright red bright. In the fall, the beak and legs become drowned. Young birds are brown. To takelets, the stork first runs through the ground. In the field pulls the neck, leans his legs back, the wings wave slowly and deeply. Often steak high above the forest. Silent and careful bird.

Number and limiting factors. The total number within the Krasnoyarsk Territory is estimated at 2-2.5 thousand individuals. The highest density of the population of the Church Aist is celebrated in the incidentally low-transmitted areas of the Sayan Mountains: by p. Amalo and his tributaries noted 12-14 pairs, by p. Kazair - 3, r. Kiziru - 2, on Mozhavory lacery - 5-6, on r. Tube - 2, r. Mana and her tributaries - 3-5, on r. Agula - 3 pairs. The main limiting factors are the concern and economic activity of a person: the cutting of forests, the development of minerals, the drainage of the swamps.

Protection measures. The species is made to Annex 1 of the CITES Convention and in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The view is included in the list of the Russian-Indian Convention for the Protection of Birds (1984). Withdrawal from the habitat everywhere is prohibited. It follows wider and more actively to promote the need to protect this rare and exotic species.

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