What is the symbolic meaning of the image of the road. The image of the road in the "Dead Souls" N.V.Gogol

When the great Russian writer overwhelmed the vital adversity and painful experiences, he wanted only one thing - to leave, hide, change the situation. What he did every time the next collapse of creative plans came out. Road adventures and impressions that Nikolai Gogol received during travel, helped him dispel, find the inner harmony and get rid of the Handra. Perhaps, it was these sentiments that reflected the image of the road in the "Dead Souls" poem.

How good you are, distant road!

This enthusiastic exclamation includes a well-known philosophical-lyrical retreat in the novel about the adventures of the adventurist, the buyer of the dead souls. The author appeals to the road, as a living being: "How many times I dying, grasped for you, and every time generously saved me!"

The writer used to think about his future creations on the road. It is on the way, under the knock hoofs and a ringing of bells, gained their outlines of his characters. During the ride, he suddenly began to hear their speeches, peering in the expression of their faces. He witnessed the actions of his heroes and compiled their inner world. Depicting the image of the road in the poem "Dead Souls", the author gives himself due to his inspirational, uttering the following words: "How many wonderful ideas were born in you and poetic dreams!"

Head written on the road

But in order for the road paintings and the corresponding moods did not leave him and dislike himself out of memory, the writer could interrupt his journey and sitting on writing a whole fragment of the work. So the first chapter of the poem "Dead Souls" was born. In correspondence with one of the friends, the writer told, as one day, traveling through Italian cities, he accidentally wandered into a noisy restaurant. And such an insurmountable desire to write it covered that he sat down at the table and created a whole chapter of the novel. It is no coincidence that the way of the road in the "Dead Soul" poem is key.

Composite reception

It so happened that the road became favorite in the work of Gogol. Heroes of his works are certainly going somewhere, and in the way with them something happens. The image of the road in the poem "Dead Souls" is a composite reception characteristic of the whole work of the Russian writer.

In the novel, travel and travel became the main motives. They are a composite rod. The image of the road in the "dead souls" declared itself in full power. It is multifaceted and carries an important semantic load. The road is the main character, and a difficult path in the history of Russia. This image serves as a symbol of development and all mankind. And the image of the road in the work under consideration is the fate of the Russian people. What awaits Russia? What is the road to it? Similar questions were asked Gogol contemporaries. Answers to them by the author of the Dead Souls tried to give with the help of his rich-figurative language.

Road Chichikova

Looking into the dictionary, it can be found that the word "road" is almost absolute synonym for the word "path". The difference lies only in thin, barely catchy shades. The path has a general abstract value. The road is more specific. In the description of the travels, Chichikova, the author uses a substantive value. The road in the "dead souls" is the word multivalued. But in relation to the active character, it has a specific meaning used to designate the distance he overcomes and thus approaching its goal. It should be said that Chichiki experienced pleasant moments before each trip. Similar sensations are familiar with whose common activities are not related to the roads and moves. The author emphasizes that the hero-adventurist is the upcoming trip inspires. He sees that the road is heavy and bumpy, but he is ready to overcome it, as well as other obstacles on his life path.

Life expensive

The product contains many lyrical and philosophical reasoning. This is the feature of the artistic method of Gogol. The topic of the road in the "dead souls" was used by the author to transfer his thoughts about a person as a separate person and about humanity as a whole. Arguing into philosophical topics, it uses various adjectives: narrow, deaf, curved, impassable, not aside aside. All this is about the road, which mankind was once chosen in search of eternal truth.

Roads of Russia

Roads in the "Dead Souls" poem are associated with the image of the Troika Birds. The bridge is a subject part that complements it also performs the plot functions. There are many episodes in the poem, in which the action is motivated by the bicker rushing around Russian roads. Thanks to her, for example, Chikchiku manage to escape from Nozdrev. BRIKA also creates the annular structure of the first volume. At his beginning, the peasants argue about the strength of her wheel, at the end there is a breakdown of this detail, as a result of which the hero has to be lined.

The roads for which the chischik are rising are indiscriminate. They may suddenly lead in the outstand, in a hole where people deprived of all sorts of moral principles live. But still, it is the roads of Russia, which in itself is a big way, absorbing a person leading him to unknown where.

The road in the scene composition of the poem is a rod, the main canva. And in the creation of her image, the roles and characters, and things, and events play. Life continues while the road stretches. And the author will tell his story throughout the path.

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Content

Introduction Chapter I.Toretical material about the symbolism of the word "road"

1.1 Etymology of the word "road" p.4-5

1.2 Synonyms of the word p.5-6

1.3 Means of movement of the heroes of the poem. page 6.

2.1 Road as a message path p. 7

2.2 Metaphoric image of the road as a human life path page 7

2.3 The value of a certain time page 7-8

2.4 road as age-related human development p.8

2.5 Road as the path of development of mankind page 8

2.6 Creative Road of the artist p.8

2.7 Life road on which the writer meets his heroes p. 8

2. 8 High symbolic value of the way of the homeland page.

2.9 Expendables forward, greatness of Russia p.8

2.10 Road as a Composite Reception of the Writer p. 9-10

Chapter III

Conclusion p.13-14

Bibliography p.14.

Appendix No. 1.

Appendix No. 2.

Introduction

Roads. Country roads. Winter roads in a blinding snowmall blurred in autumn, dusty summer. Spring - similar to rivers, rain noise, wind, creaking carts, ringing bells, Copot hoofs. Hear - this is the rain music. Roads of eternal wanderers, roads of eternal travelers. On the road! On the road! In the life of each person there are such moments when you want to go out to the worst and go to the beautiful far away when you adorn you suddenly the road to unknown people gave.

What a strange, and mounted, and carrier, and wonderful in the word: road! And how wonderful she herself, this road: clear day, autumn leaves, cold air ... and night! Heavenly forces! What night is performed in the embroidery! And the air, and the sky, distant, high, there, in the inaccessible depth of his own, so immense, sound and clearly spread out! ... God! How good you are sometimes distant, distant road! How many times how dying and sinking, I grabbed for you, and you endured me generously and saved me! And the ideas, poetic dreams, how many wondered impressions!, "

Very penetrated lines! This is because Hogol himself deeply loved the road, so selflessly enough for her in difficult days of his life. The image of the road permeates the whole poem, revealing various facets. Different verge of Gogol road.

A special place in the work of the "Dead Souls" occupies the topic of the road. The main character travels from the city to the city in search of "sellers" of the dead shower. It is through the movement of the main character on the roads there is a wide picture of life in Russia.

The poem begins "dear" and ends with it. However, if at the beginning of Chichikov enters the city with hopes for quick enrichment, then in the end he runs out of it to save his reputation. The topic of the road is extremely important in the work. For the author, the road is the personification of life, movement and internal development. The road on which the protagonist is rifled smoothly turns into a way of life.

But the truth, as the way fascinates and at what wonderful condition he leads the soul of traveling. But in the poem N.V.Gogolamative, the road is manifested not only in the real image of Chichikov's path with his uhabami, bumps, mud. In this product, this image is much multigid and symbolized.

Theme of the presented work "The image of the road, expressed in the word" (on the poem N. V. Gogol "Dead Souls")

Relevance This work is determined by the need to follow, what path prefers the main character of P. I. Chichikov, when the Motherland is placed on the expanses in search of his way.

That's whypurpose The study is the desire to know what values \u200b\u200bthe word "road" is used in the poem "Dead Souls"

To achieve this goal it was necessary to solve the followingtasks :

1. To explore semantics, etymology, phraseological, stylistic, communicative and other properties of this word.

2. Find out how many values \u200b\u200bhas the word "road" in the poem

3. Find out how many values \u200b\u200bof this word are familiar with students of 9th grades

4. Create a booklet value of this word in the poem.

Scientific novelty The work is that the literature does not present a complete study of this word in all the meanings used by the author.

Hypothesis: If you consider, in what values \u200b\u200bthe word "road" is used, then you can see that readers do not always understand the symbolic meaning of this word and its impact on the development of events, then you can change the relationship to words and increase the culture of reading the work.

This research work contains the following stages of the study: the choice of the topic, the formulation of the goal and objectives, collecting material, the generalization of the data obtained, identifying patterns, summarizing the results of work, the creation of applications.

Speaking O.practical The value of work should be noted that it is quite large, since the conclusions can help not only the better understanding of the poem "Dead Souls", but an understanding of other works that will be studied in the future.

In my work, I will focus on the study of the meaningful words, which will undoubtedly help better understand the work, comprehend the skill and talent of the writer.

This material can be used in the educational process in the literature lessons, to expand its knowledge about the era of Gogol, when preparing messages, abstracts.

Methods : Scientific research, work with critical literature, analytical reading, language observation

Object of study : Poem N.V.Gogol "Dead souls The facts obtained as a result of the analysis of the work.

Chapter I. . Theoretical material about the word "road"

1.1 Word "Road" - Word in the literature of the 19th century .

You can bring numerous examples of works in which the image of a person's life is comprehended as the passage of a certain road path. The most vividly metaphorical meaning of this concept is revealed in the poems of E. Baratynsky "Road of Life" and A. Pushkin "Treag of Life", in which movement on the way of life is accompanied by non-returnable losses and disappointments; By purchasing life experience, a person breaks up with dreams and semissions of youth, pays for him with his best hopes ("... and we pay the ways of life with us"). Gogol in the poem "Dead Souls" continues the development of the universal meaning of the "road", but at the same time enriches semantic interpretation, the peculiarities of the embodiment, meaningful, capacity.

1.2 Etymology of the word "road"

Road. The general Slavonic word, unexpectedly related to such words, like a tree or turne, because formed from the same basis asdor. - "Cleaning place", and goes back to the verbditra - "Dry" (see ).

Comes from Indo-Euchroop. * Dorgh- (connected with twink and means "space proficient in the forest"); From here, along with Russian.road : Rusk.-church.-Slav. The genius "Edge", Ukr.road , Bulge. Daroga, Serbsk.-Church. Drag "Valley", Serboorv. drag, Slovensk. DRÁGA "Rasp, Loschina", Dr.-Cesk. DRÁHA "road ", Polish. DROGA "road ", V.-Luzh. Dróha "Trail,road , Street, "N.-Luzh. DROGA "Street".

Lexical meaning of the word road

1. Earth band, intended for movement, message path.Asphalt, highway, primer, seeking road. (The dirt road between large or distant settlements; outdated). Roadside road. On the road.

2. The place for which you have to go or drive, the path of the following.On the way to home. Get off from the road (also portable: the same, what to get down on the way) to give the way to someone. ( let go travel; Also portable: to give the opportunity to grow, develop someone).Open the road to someone somewhere (Portable: to give the opportunity to grow, promote in someany area). To stand on someone else's road or become a crossway to someone (portable: to interfere, to prevent someone in something).

3. Journey, staying on the way. There was a lot of interesting on the road. Tired of the road.

4. Turn. An image of action, activity. Labor - the road to success. Be on a good (bad, faithful) road.

1.3 Synonyms words

Synonyms for the word road

path (1) - Road, Route

journey(Road, trip, path)

access(approach, approach, passage, move)

footpath, tract (statute), highway, highway

Synonyms:

path (-dogogo), pavement, path, path, path, highway, track, rig, line; Street, sidewalk, intersection, crossroads, crossroads, proska, alley, canvas, parcels, ocean; for what; method; Path-Road, Steel Pursuit, Steel Highway, Steel Way, Automatic Training, Stogn, Access, Tram, Tract, Erlift, Auto Train, Self-Proper, Expedition, Konka, Cutton, Bolshak, Washing Board, Stroke, Cruise, Access, Ride, Approach, Weresthen, Chernotrop, Mainstroke, Turn, approach, concrete, road road, ledger, passage, voyage, travel, motorway, aerolift, approach, artery, swimming, campaign, road, grader, narrow scene, bias, tarmaacadam, halters, road path , winter, referee, countryside, rocada, travel, run, serpentine

Antonyms for the word road

Off-road.

1. The absence or insufficient number of comfortable, comfortable roads. Because of the off-road, do not pass or drive.

Distolus.

1. The period of early spring or late autumn, when ground roads become neurotic from melting snow, rains, etc. Russed on the road to the most dissolve.

2. The condition of the road at this time; off-road. Come on a loyalty.

Debrist.

1. Places overgrown with dense impassable forest. A deaf out of availability; Wilderness Forest debris.

1. 3 means of movement of the heroes of the poem.

In order to expand our ideas about the means of movement of heroes, pay attention to what they are traveling

British of the main character is very important. Chikchikhikha Hero Path, and Brica - his home. This subject detail, being, one of Chichikov's image, plays a large plot role: There are many episodes and plot turns of the poems that are motivated with a bicker. Not only is Chichikov travels in her, that is, thanks to her, it is possible to the plot of travel; BRAKE Motivates the appearance of Selifan characters and three horses; Thanks to her, it is possible to escape from the nostroid (that is, the BRACK helps Chichikov); The bridge faces the governor's daughter's carriage and thus the lyrical motive is introduced, and at the end of the Poem Chichiki even appears as a kidney of the governor's daughter. BRIKA - Live character: She is endowed with her own will and sometimes he does not listen to Chichikov and Selifana, goes to his way and at the end pumped out the saddle in impassive dirt - so the hero does not fall into the box, who meets his tender words:, Eh, father My, but you have, like a borov, the whole back and side in the mud! Where did it famous for it?, In addition, a bridge as it is determined by the ring composition of the first volume: the poem opens with a conversation of two men about how firmly the wheel of the brush, and ends the breakdown of the very wheel, because of which Chikchiku has to stay in the city.

Do not accidentally go to the carriage of the governor's daughter. Coach - a large indoor four-wheeled carriage on the springs.

Road accident - collision of crews, the first meeting with the governor's daughter:

"Everything, not excluding the same Kucher himself, was sensed and woke up only when on themskakakala a stroller with a monotherb horse and almost over the heads there was a cry who was sitting in a stroller ladies, a break and threat of someone else's kucher ... ... and left againroad, Brica, Troika familiar to the reader of horses, Selifan, Chichikov, smooth and emptiness of the surrounding fields. "

Chichikov travels around the city in prosecutor's trees - from the ball with the governor to the hotel: "Chikchiki himself, he himself, that he began to unleash too much, asked the crew and took advantage of prosecutory trees ... Thus, he had reached the hotel at the prosecutor's shivering. .. "

The box arrives in the city:

"... in remote streets and streets of the city rattled a very strange crew, who appeared about his name ... Horses then fell on the forefronts, because they were not accompanied, and moreover, as you can see, the late city pavement was a little Familiar. Kolymaga, who made several turns from the street into the street, finally turned into a dark alley by a small parish church of Nikola on non-notching and stopped in front of the gate of the Protopope's house. " What is the excellent feature of the landowner box!

A pleasant lady rides with news to the lady pleasant in all respects.

Laki immediately slammed the lady to the doors, threw the steps and, grabbed the belts behind the carriage, shouted to the Kumor: "She went!" ... She looked out from the window from the window and saw, to the unspecified annoyance that he still had half a random. " The bright image creates the framework of everything first.

- Bracket appears on the first page:

The hotel's gate of the provincial city of Nn drove a rather beautiful spring brush, in which bachelor go ... - At the end of the I volume, the image is transformed into a metaphorical "Troika bird":

The horses stirred and suffered as a simple bricch ... Troika then took off on the hillock, it rushed in spirit from the hillock ... "

Chapter II. The image of the road, expressed in the word

2.1 Road as a message path

One of the values \u200b\u200bof the word "road" is the path of the message: in the post country roads goes in his Bicke Chichiki: "To the right," said the man. - It will be the road to Manilovka; And there is no zamanilovka. She is called, that is, her penetment Manilovka, but there is no tampering here. There, right on the mountain you will see a house, stone, in two floors, the Lord's house, in which, that is, Litters himself lives. This is why Manilovka, and there is no damnikov at all here.

Let's go to find Manilovka. Having passed two versts, we met a turn on a country road, but two, and three, and four versts seem to have done, and the stone house in two floors was still not visible. Here the Chichiki remembered that if the buddy invites him to the village for fifteen miles, it means that there are thirty thirty to her.

« But Selifan could not remember, two or three turn drove. Considering and reclamation of a few way, he guessed that there was a lot of turns that everyone missed it by "; A narrow band of the Earth intended for movement: "And the chichotists in the satisfied position of the Spirit sat in his BRICH, which had long been in a pillaby road"; The view of the location, which opened the gaze passing: "... He took up only one expensive, looked only to the right and left ..."

2.2 Metaphoric image of the road as a human life path

The road in the "dead souls" is the word multivalued. But in relation to the active character, it has a specific meaning used to designate the distance he overcomes and thus approaching its goal. Chichiki experienced pleasant moments before each trip. Similar sensations are familiar with whose common activities are not related to the roads and moves. The author emphasizes that the hero-adventurist is the upcoming trip inspires. He sees that the road is heavy and bumpy, but he is ready to overcome it, as well as other obstacles on his life path. - the image of the road, confusing, running in the wilderness, not leading, only a circling traveler, is a symbol of a fraudulent path, the unrighteous goals of the main character of Chichikov's road, which took place at different angles and the N-Sove way.

2.3 The value of a certain time.

The image of the road acquires a metaphorical meaning. It is equivalent to the life path of man. After all, living life, a person becomes different. He pays for life experience with his best hopes. The author warns young: "Everything is like the truth, everything can be done with a person: Take the same way to the path, leaving the soft youthful years in the harsh faster courage, take all human movements with them, do not leave them on the road: do not fit! Grazing, terrible middle ahead, and nothing gives back and forth! The grave of her mercy, on the grave, beats: a man is buried here! But you will not read anything in the cold, insensitive featuresinhuman old age. All the best in life is connected with youth and no need to forget about it, as the heroes did. They lost human and could not find it later

2.4 Road as the topic of the Russian nation - hero

The image of the people is associated with the way road.

What will this immense obstacle prophesate? Is there a lawless thought in you, when you yourself without end? Is it not to be herself here when there is a place where to turn around and go to him?

"Eh, Troika! Bird Troika, who invented you? To know, at the Boyky People, you could only be born in that land that he doesn't like to joke, and even smoothly was placed on half a hundred, and they go to consider the versts until it shakes you into the eyes ... lively alive, with one ax, and chokol, Equipped and gathered you Yaroslavsky milled man. Not in German boots, the rocket: a beard and mittens, and sits the hell knows what; And I highlighted, yes swung, yes delayed the song - horses swirl, the knitting needles in the wheels were mixed into one smooth circle, just shook the road, but cried in the fright who stopped a pedestrian! And she rushed, rushed, rushed! .. "

2.5 The road as the path of human development.

« Evasion from truth, "from the direct path is another turn of the topic. "Straight" and "curve" road in the artistic consciousness of Gogol antithesis, determining those moral coordinates, with the help of which it will relate the actual and perfect way as one person and all mankind: "What are curved, deaf, narrow, impassable, in The side of the road chose humanity, seeking to achieve eternal truth, whereas the straight path was opened in front of him ... And how many times already induced with heaven with the heavens, they were able to recoil and get down to the side, able to get to the abyss so that with horror Ask each other: Where is the way out? Where is the road? "

2.6 Creative Road of the author's artist about different types of writers

But the road is not only a "life of a person", but also the process of creativity, calling for a tireless writing work

Lyrical reasoning about two types of writers Gogol precedes comparison associated with the road.Gogol compares two paths chosen by writers. One chooses the path that is beaten, on which he is waiting for glory, honors, applause. "The Great World Poet refers to him, soaring high above all the geniuses of the world ..." But "there is no mercy of fate" for those writers who chose a completely different way: they dare to call out everything, "What is every minute before the eyes and that do not be indifferent The eyes are all the terrible, stunning Tin of the little things, entangled by our life, the whole depth of cold, fragmented, everyday characters, which our earthly, is sometimes bitter and boring road ... "Surgo, such a writer, because it does not understand the indifferent crowd, He is doomed to loneliness. Gogol believes that the labor of this writer is noble, honest, high. And he himself is ready to go hand over his hand with such writers, "To look around the whole huge life, to look around her through the visible laughter and invisible, unknown tears to him

2.7 Life road on which the writer meets the heroes of his works

The image of the road helps to reveal the characteristics of the landowners.

Each meeting with the landowner is preceded by a description of the road, estate. For example, as describes Gogol, the path to Manilovka describes: "After driving two versts, we met a turn on a country road, but already two, and three, and four versts seem to have done, and the stone house in two floors was still not visible. Here Chichikov remembered that if the buddy invites him to the village for fifteen miles, it means that there is a vert of thirty. " The road in the village of Plushkin directly characterizes the landowner: "He (Chichikov) did not notice how he drove into the middle of an extensive village with a lot of wilds and streets. Soon, however, he gave him to notice this interlegal push, produced by a log pavement, in front of which the city stone was nothing. These logs, like piano keys, have risen that up, then down, and the needed ride has acquired or a bump on the back of the head, or a blue spot on the forehead ... some special imperiousness noticed on all rustic buildings ... "

2. 8 High symbolic value of the path of the Motherland

The topic of the road in this work is inextricably linked with the fate of Russia. It is not by chance that at the end of the first volume instead of the carrying bright Brick Chichikov suddenly appears the symbolic image of the "Birds-Troika", which personifies the path of development of Russia on a global scale. Its rapid flight is opposed to a monotonous mug of Chichikov's Brush from the landowner to the landowner. The author calls the "Troika bird" by a brought, "rich", bearing forward, because he sees exactly the formation of Russia internationally. In the image of the bird-triple, carrying ahead, the love of the writer to his homeland and faith in its inexhaustible forces were expressed.

2.9 Expendables forward, greatness of Russia

In the last chapter of the first volume, the author talks about the fate of the Motherland. Rus he compares with a brine, which is impossible to overtake. Under it smokes the road and ram bridges, and, asleep, face and give her the way other nations ...

"Rus-Troika Eh, Troika! Bird Troika, who invented you? To know, you could only be born at the mortgage people, in that land that he does not like to joke, and even smoothly was placed on half a hundred, and they go to count the versts until it fell into the eyes of the eyes and you, Rus, that the wipe rigging Troika wear? Smoke smoke under you the road, ram bridges, everything is lagging behind and stays behind. Eh, horses, horses, what kind of horses! Will the vortices sit in your maneers? Does the ear burn in any of your alkalo? I heard a familiar song from the embroidered, and the copper breasts strained together and, almost not touch the ground with the hooves, turned into some elongated lines flying through the air, and the whole inspired by God rushes! .. Rus, where are you going? Give an answer. Does not answer. A wonderful ringing is poured a bell; rattling and becomes the wind torn in pieces of air; It flies past everything that neither is on the earth, and, asleep, are focused and give her other nations and states. "

2.10 The road as a composite reception, which connects the head of the work.

The road is one of the spatial forms of connecting text. All heroes are divided into the road, the directed, which have a goal, moving and aimless. The person is alive only when he moves forward. Secondly, the image of the road performs the feature of the characteristics of landowners, which is visited by one by one chischik. Each meeting with the landowner is preceded by a description of the road, estate. For example, as describes Gogol, the path to Manilovka describes: "After driving two versts, we met a turn on a country road, but already two, and three, and four versts seem to have done, and the stone house in two floors was still not visible. The road in the village of Plushkin directly characterizes the landowner: "He (Chichikov) did not notice how he drove into the middle of an extensive village with a lot of wilds and streets. Soon, however, he gave him to notice this interlegal push, produced by a log pavement, in front of which the city stone was nothing. These logs, like piano keys, have risen that up, then down, and the needed ride has acquired or a bump on the back of the head, or a blue spot on the forehead ... some special imperiousness noticed on all rustic buildings ... "

2. 11 The main language means of expressiveness characteristic of the poetic language when describing the road.

Imagine some of them:

1. Poetic syntax;

a) rhetorical questions:

"And what Russian does not like quick ride?"

"But what incomprehensible, secret force entails you?"

b.) Rhetorical exclamation :

"Eh, horses, horses, what kind of horses!"

c) handling:

"Rus, where are you going?"

d) Anaphors:

"The versts fly, the merchants fly to order on the irradiations of their kibilities, flies on both sides of the forest with dark buildings of fir trees and pines, with an ax of a top shik and a crow, flies the whole road to the disappearance of the distance ..."

d) repetitions :

"His soul seeking to turn, thoroughly, say sometimes:" Damn everything! " - Doesn't you love her soul? Her does not love when something enthusiastic is heard in it? "It seems that an unknown force picked you on the wing to himself, and you are flying myself, and everything flies: the versts fly, the merchants fly to towards the irradiation of their kibita, flies on both sides. Forest with dark buildings of fir trees and pines, with an ax, and a crow, flies the whole road ...

e) rows of homogeneous members:

"And again, on both sides of the post-part path, they went again to write the versts, station caretakers, wells, bridges, gray villages with samovars, women and a brisk bearded owner ...."

g) gradation :

"What a strange, and mounted, and carrier, and wonderful in the word: road! As wonderful she herself, this road: Clear day, autumn leaves, cold air ... "

I heard a familiar song from the embroidered, and the copper breasts strained together and, almost not toupes with the hooves of the earth, turned into some elongated lines flying through the air, and the whole inspired by God rushes!

z.) Inversion :

"Rus! Rus! I see you from my wonderful, wonderful last see you ... "

G) Parcel: Eh, Troika! Bird Troika, who invented you? To know, you could only be born in the mortgage people, in that land that he does not like to joke, but even smoothly thoughtful on half a hundred, and they go to count the versts until it fell into the eyes. Eh, horses, horses, what kind of horses! Will the vortices sit in your maneers? Does the ear burn in any of your alkalo? The contemplator struck by God's miracle: Is it not zipper dropped from the sky? What does it mean a horror movement? And what kind of unknown power is in the unknown light horses?

2. Paths:

Elimination The author appeals to the road, as a living being: "How many times I dying, grabbed for you, and every time generously saved me!"the soul seeking to spin, thoroughly, say sometimes; the whole road flies;

Epitts metaphoric epithets: unknown force; inspired by God; torn in pieces of air; strained copper breasts; Topor knocks and a crow cry

Amplifying epithets which indicate a sign contained in the definable Word: "Are you not so, Russia, that a brisk-rigging troika rush?" (Ppm) - epithet briefly enhanced also epithet

Metaphor : How Saysuctively steal the Dunda ... What night is done in the embroidery ... nothing seduces the gaze ...

Hyperboles:

"Doesn't be herself here when there is a place where to turn around and walk to him?"

Comparison : Roads mocked how caught cancers

3. Lexical tools:

Spatrical : Know, the Boykone People could only be born ...; Not cunning, it seems, a road projectile; smoothly stated

Synonyms: Split, thug; Big rigony; lags and remains behind; ringing - song;

Antonyms : Sits - rushed; stopped - rushing; The contemplator is a span.

rushing, rushing, flies, flashes.

Antithesis "Straight" and "curve" road

Phraseologism: Bird Troika

Chapter III

Results of research

"Rus, where are you going?" - Here is a question that was disturbed by the writer, because in his soul there lived a limitless love for Russia. He believed in Russia, in her bright future.

Each value of the road in Gogol serves as a certain intention of the Great Master. It is diverse and multifunctional, which allows you to achieve the desired effect. Gogol artist did an impossible in his poem. He forced time and man to move forward, the road has yy values \u200b\u200bin the poem. Few writers succeeded. It is no coincidence that used this word 237 times in the poem.

The road is something exalted penetrated by Gogol patriotism, admiring Solu Rus - the people. Roads are also the question of the future. The path is a reality, this is what chicter passed through, and that he had to go through. This is how much meant for the author of the "Dead Souls" image of the road. He not only permeates the whole poem, revealing his various faces, but also passes from a artistic work in real life, to then return from reality into the world of fiction.

The road is an artistic image and part of the Gogol biography.

The road is a source of change, life and austerity in a difficult moment.

The road is both the ability to work, and the ability to know the true ("straight" path of the person and all mankind, and the hope that such a way will be able to open contemporaries. Hope, which Gogol passionately sought to keep until the end of his life.

Here is a comprehensive word - "Road"

Conclusion

Based on the study, we made a diagram

among students of the 9th grade to identify the symbolic meaning of the word "road" in the poem and came to the conclusion that is presented in the diagram.

The purpose of the study was to present the importance of using the word "road" in the poem "Dead Souls". The goal can be considered achieved, since the tasks set:

2) The text is analyzed in terms of ambiguity of the word

1. Semantics, etymology, and other properties of this word have been studied.

2. Created a guide to the meaning of this word in the poem and is presented in an application-booklet.

The means of expressiveness are analyzed to convey different verges of the meaningfulness of the word "road".

Thus, the study of the author's meaning of the word "road", which permeates the entire artistic text of the poem "Dead Souls", showed various aspects of the topic and implies other, new, new, maybe deeper and deeper interpretations. Practical significance is that the results can be applied in school in the Russian language and literature.

Bibliography

Aksakov K.S. A few words about the poem Gogol "Chichikov's adventure, or dead souls." // Russian criticism from Karamzin to Belinsky. - M., 1981.

Belinsky V.G. A few words about the poem Gogol "Chichikov's adventure, or dead souls." // Russian criticism from Karamzin to Belinsky. - M., 1981.

Bulgakov MA Chichikov's adventures. - M.: Fiction, 1991.

Voronsky A. Gogol. "Dead Souls" -http.:// gogol.. lit- info.. ru/ gogol./ bio./ voronskij./ mERTVYE.- dushi.. htm.

Voropaev V.A. N.V.Gogol: Life and creativity. - M.: Publishing House Mosk. University, 2002.

Gogol N.V. Dead Souls. - M.: Hood. Literature, 1985.

Erofeev V.V. Moscow - Petushki. - M., 1989.

Golden I.P. Gogol. - M.: "Young Guard", 1979. -http.:// az.. lib. ru/ g./ gogolx._ n._ w./ tEXT._0230. shtml.

Mann Yu.V. Gogol poetics. - M., 2005.

Marantsman V.G. Fiction. - M.: Enlightenment, 1991. -www. Alib.. ru

Machine S. I. Artistic world of Gogol. - M.: Enlightenment, 1971.

Nechiporenko Y. Cosmogony Gogol // Literature. - 2002.

Nikolaev P.A. Gogol art discoveries // N.V. Gogol. Selected writings in 2 volumes. T.1. - M.: Fiction, 1978.

Rozanov V.V. About Gogol. (Appendix of two etudes). -www. nefedor. com.. cGI- bin./ hPH

Perezin V.V. M. Bulgakov. - M.: Moscow worker, 1989.

Swedova S.O. Satirical and symbolic in the "dead souls" of Gogol. // Russian literatureXIX. century. From Krylov to Chekhov. - M.: Enlightenment, 2000.

« What a strange, and having, and carrier, and wonderful in the word: road "

Think just like a lot

Values \u200b\u200bin the word road

The motive of the road, paths, movements more than once arises on the pages of the poem. This image is multicotted and very symbolized. The movement of the main character in space, his journey along the roads of Russia, meetings with landowners, officials, peasants and city inhabitants add up to us in a wide picture of Russia's life.

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1 Road in Poem N.V.Gogol "Dead Souls" Presentation was performed by a teacher of Russian language and literature MOU "SOSH No. 8" Nazarovo, Krasnoyarsk Territory Ovchinnikova O. V.

2 The motive of the road is central to the creation of the image of Russia. This image is multicotted and very symbolized. The poem was conceived by N. V. Gogol, by analogy with the "Divine Comedy" Dante A. "On the road! On the road! .. "Do you finish Gogol one of the most heartfelt and philosophical lyrical deviations in the poem?

3 The movement of the main hero of the poem on the roads of Russia is in a wide picture of the life of Russia. Before the eyes of Chichikov and the reader pass almost all the phenomena of Russian society. The image of the road confusing, running in the wilderness, not leading anywhere, only a circling traveler, is a symbol of a fraudulent path, the unrighteous goals of the main character.

4 Next to Chichikov, there is another traveler - this is a writer himself. Here is his replica: "The hotel was ... a famous kind ...", "the city did not ignore the other provincial cities" ... these words Gogol not only emphasizes the typical of the phenomena of the phenomena, but also gives us to understand that the invisible hero, the author, too well familiar with them.

5 The wretched atmosphere of the hotel, receptions from urban officials, favorable deals with landowners are quite suitable for Chichikov, and the author cause undisguised irony. The reverse side of Gogol Satira is a lyrical beginning, the desire to see a person perfect, and the homeland is a mighty and prosperous. Differently perceive the road with different heroes.

6 Chichiki is enjoyed quick ride. "And what Russian does not like quick ride?" ... can admire the beautiful stranger ... But more often he marks the "thrusting force" of the pavement, rejoices with a soft ride on a dirt road or a dormant. Magnificent landscapes, rushing in front of his eyes, do not cause special thoughts.

7 The author is also not seen seen: "Rus! Rus! I see you, from my wonderful, beautiful than you see you: Poor, scattered and uncompretable in you ... Nothing sends and will not charm the gaze. " But at the same time, for him there is a "some strange, and male, and carrier, and wonderful in the Word: Road!" For N. V. Gogol, the road is more. In the poem there are lyric devices expressing the author's poetry. Consider them. What is the road for N. V. Gogol?

8 For N. V. Gogol on the road "enthusiastic - wonderful" the whole Russian soul, all its scope and fullness of life. No matter how much the rivic networks were made, she still remains spiritually free. Thus, the road for Gogol is Russia. Where does the road under which she rushes so that she is no longer stopped: "Rus, where are you going"?

9 The real road for which Chichikov is going, turns into the author into the path of life. "In any case, he should not quarrel with his hero: it's still a lot of ways and the roads will have to go together in hand ..." This Gogol indicates the symbolic unity of two approaches to the road, their mutual addition and mutual adventure .

10 The Road Chichikova, who passed on different corners and the catches of the Nife province, as if emphasizes his jewel and false life path. While the path of the author, which he performs with Chikchikov, symbolizes the harsh and thorny, but the glorious path of the writer, preaching "love by a hostile word of denial." The real road in the "dead souls", with her ughabs, bumps, mud, barriers, displetened bridges, grows to the symbol of "hugely carrying life", the symbol of the historical path of Russia.

11 And now instead of the Chichikovskaya Troika, there is a generalized image of the bird-triple, which is replaced by the bearing, "Inspired by God" Rus. This time she is on the true path, therefore, the Zamuzny Chichikovsky crew in the bird-triple transformed is a symbol of free, who has acquired the living soul of Russia.

The theme of Russia and its future has always worried about writers and poets. Many of them tried to predict the fate of Russia and explain the provisions created in the country. So and N. V. Gogol reflected in his works the most important features of the era, a modern writer, - the epoch of the crisis of serfdom.
Poem N. V. Gogol "Dead Souls" - a work not only about the present and future of Russia, a modern writer, but about the fate of Russia in general, about its place in the world. The author is trying to analyze the lives of our country in the thirties of the nineteenth century and concludes that people who are responsible for the fate of Russia are dead souls. This is one of the meanings that put the author in the name of the poem.
Initially, the author's idea was to "show although with one side all Russia", but later the idea changed and Gogol wrote: "All Russia will affect it (in the work)." A large role for understanding the concept of the poem is played by the image of the road, with which, above all, the composition of the "dead souls" composition. The poem begins with the image of the road: the main hero of Chichikov arrives in the city of Nn - and ends with them: Pavel Ivanovich is forced to leave the provincial town of Gorodishko. While in the city, Chichikov makes two circles: first drives away officials to testify them with their respect, and then landlords, in order to directly carry out the scaffold, which he has conceived, is to buy dead souls. Thus, the road helps Gogol to show the entire panorama of Russia, and the official, and the landlord, and the peasant, and draw the attention of readers to the state of affairs in the country.
Gogol creates the image of a provincial city, pulling the work in the text a whole string of officials. Chichikov considers his duty to visit all the "strong world of this". Thus, it makes a small circle around the city, the author once again emphasizes the importance of the way of the road to understand the meaning of the work. The writer wants to say that Pavel Ivanovich feels itself in the environment of officials as a fish in water. It is not by chance that the power of the property take him for their own and immediately invite you to visit. So chikhikov hits the ball to the governor.
Describing the officials, Gogol draws the attention of readers that none of them fulfills its direct destination, that is, does not care about the fate of Russia. For example, the governor, the main person in the city, suits the balls, cares about his social position, because it is proud of what has been on the neck Anna, and even embroiders. However, it is not said anywhere that he does something for the well-being of his city. The same can be said about the rest of the representatives of the authorities. The effect is enhanced by the fact that officials in the city are a great set.
Of all the types of landowners created by Gogol, there is not one who could see the future. Heroes presented in the poem are not similar to each other, and at the same time in each of them are separate typical features of the Russian landowner: stammeriness, idleness and spiritual emptiness. The most striking representatives are Sobekevich and Plushkin. The landowner Sobesevich symbolizes the gloomy fastener of life, he is cynical and coarse. Everything around it looks like him: rich village, interior and even a thrush sitting in a cage. Sobesevich applies hostile to everything new, he is hated by the thought of "Enlightenment". The author compares it from the "middle size of the bear", and Chichikov calls the Kistach Kutchikyevich.

Another landowner, Plushkin, is not so much a comic figure as tragic. In the description of his village, the word "neglence" is key.

The poem "Dead Souls" is a brilliant satire for a serfdom of Russia, but there is no mercy of the fate of that whose noble genius is an accusable to the crowd, her passion and delusions. Creativity N. B, Gogol is multifaceted and varied. The writer has a talent ...

Chichikov is the main hero of the poem, he is found in all chapters. It is he who owns the idea of \u200b\u200ba scam with dead souls, it is he who travels in Russia, meeting with the most different characters and getting into a variety of situations. Characteristic Chichikova ...

Every time has its own characters. They define his face, character, principles, ethical benchmarks. With the advent of the "dead souls", a new hero was entered into Russian literature, not similar to his predecessors. Elusive, slippery felt in the description of its appearance ....

The poem "Dead Souls" is impossible to submit without "lichnic deviations". They were so organically entered the structure of the work that we no longer think without these magnificent copyrights. Thanks to "lyrical deviations" we constantly feel ...